High school Essay

Tamil Nadu is regarded to be one of India’s star performers in the sector of elementary education. The results of the 2001 Census show that Tamil Nadu has attained third position behind Kerala and Maharashtra both in terms of overall and female literacy. It recorded close to 100 per cent gross enrolment ratio (GER) at primary and upper primary levels based on 2007 estimates. A major legislative effort for the universalisation of education in line with the constitutional mandate has been the introduction of the Tamil Nadu Compulsory Education Act, 1994. Under this Act it is the duty of the government to provide the necessary infrastructure (schools and teachers) for ensuring universalisation of elementary education. Parents are also liable to be fined if they do not send their wards to school, though this rule is not very strictly enforced as most of the children not going to school come from poor backgrounds. Tamil Nadu’s high enrolment statistics are also the result of the number of welfare schemes that the State government has introduced in the elementary education sector. The large number of missionary and private schools are also playing a role in the spread of education. The government provides textbooks, uniforms and noon meals to the pupils making it a State where the per child spending is much higher than in educationally backward States such as Bihar, Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and others and is higher than the all-India average. The State is making an endeavor to provide primary schools within a one km radius of human habitations with a population of 300 and above to increase their accessibility. It is also a State that has actually spent most of the funds allocated to it by the Centre under the SSA scheme, in contrast to States like UP, Bihar and Assam that have huge unspent amounts. Tamil Nadu students stood first in the country in mathematics, language and reading comprehension skills according to the national mid-term achievement survey of Class III children commissioned by the NCERT in collaboration with the MHRD and the SCERT and SSA wings of the States recently. But it has come to light that local bodies like corporations and municipalities are not fully utilizing money collected as education tax as a percentage of property tax under the Tamil Nadu Elementary Education Act and this is affecting the quality and quantity of formal education provision at the grassroots level. While the general literacy rate in Tamil Nadu as per 2001 data is 73. 5%, wide disparities exist across districts, gender, and area of residence as well as social grouping. The literacy rate of the SC and ST populations are consistently lower in all the districts. The retention rate within and after the primary school level is also not very impressive and there is a high percentage of repeaters. This is particularly so in the case of the STs and SCs. It is to overcome this discrepancy between education offered in different kinds of schools, between rural and urban schools and to overcome other numerous ills that have crept into the education system—such as arbitrary collection of fees, induction of daily waged, inadequately qualified para teachers, rote learning, examination stress, problems related to the medium of instruction and so on—that the State government constituted the Muthukumaran Committee, which submitted its report in 2007. This committee had the mandate to work out a framework of a uniform pattern of education in Tamil Nadu and to make recommendations for improving its quality. The report of the Committee recommends only one autonomous board, The Tamil Nadu State Secondary School Education Board, instead of the existing four State level boards—Matriculation, Anglo-Indian, Oriental and State Board. Schools coming under this integrated Board would follow a common syllabus ensuring an equitable school education in the State not conferring any undue advantages with regard to admission into higher educational institutions for students completing their school education from one particular Board. Equitable standard education is to be provided by a Common School or Neighbourhood School system, which with uniform syllabi would help to ‘decommercialise’ educational institutions and put an end to many a private management that does not feel sufficiently accountable to society in this crucial sector. The spiraling cost of education starting at the nursery level is cementing caste-class and rural-urban divisions. A common school system using the mother tongue as a medium of instruction would make equal education accessible to all without discrimination. A common school system also means a common examination pattern. The report of the Committee advocates a reasonable teacher-student ratio of not more than 1:30 and doing away with faulty textbooks and a system of rote learning. It emphasizes the promotion of analytical and rational skills that would equip the students to learn by themselves; a testing and evaluation pattern that involves the application of concepts learnt rather than mere reproduction of facts. The school syllabus should not overload students with information but instead kindle their interest in the subject and teach them how to search for more information and conceptualize it. Traditional knowledge should be incorporated and made part of school education. Evaluation should be comprehensive and not just of academic achievements, and that too only marks based. Evaluation should include an assessment of student abilities and performance in academics, the arts, sports and games, values, reading habits, character, conduct and other extra-curricular activities. Schools should not only lay emphasis on academic subjects but also on moral education. Here the Committee suggests that it may be better to have a progress book with entries made from time to time and also periodically sent to the parents so that they may be made aware of their child’s progress. Regular consultation with parents about their wards’ progress and achievements and educational goals is a must. A sheet of paper containing marks obtained in public exams is not enough to understand a student’s development and potential. If the marks obtained in only one exam are going to decide the person’s admission into an institute of higher learning then all stress is on preparing for this exam neglecting other exams and activities. The chance or temptation to indulge in malpractices is also high. Marks obtained in a one-time exam also are no accurate reflection of the student’s actual knowledge and achievement level and potential. Treating exams and marks as more important than life itself has meant the death of many a student. Finally, children belonging to linguistic minorities should be allowed to gain instruction in their respective mother tongue, while all students in standards 5 or 8 ought to have a specific level of knowledge in Tamil and English so that these languages can be used for communication. No student should be dropped and he/she should be allowed to grow in the chosen field of interest and in accordance with their individual capability. A simple pass or fail should certainly not be a deciding factor in a person’s life. While the government has accepted the notion of one board for school education other major recommendations of the Muthukumaran Committee on education reforms are being sidelined by the State government. In fact, some government run schools are changing the medium of instruction to English and not all schools teach Tamil, though this is compulsory as per current State education law. Moreover, schools with an eye on the results in board exams and aiming at future lucrative career possibilities for their students are introducing modern European languages like French (German is waiting to be introduced on a larger scale on the school level) that are supposedly high scoring subjects in comparison to Tamil, which is seen to be difficult even by those whose mother tongue it is. There is almost everywhere an exodus from government run schools to aided or private schools because of the perceived better quality and the lure of an English medium education, which is regarded by parents to be necessary in today’s world. It is to remain viable and not lose out in this competition for students that government run schools are increasingly offering English medium instruction also, although the English medium sections are permitted only on a self-financing basis. The non-acceptance of important recommendations by the Muthukumaran committee is thus in line with the general pro-globalisation trend in the Tamil Nadu economy as a whole. Current education system Why is India still a developing country and what is stopping it from being a developed country? India’s education system as a stumbling block towards its objectives of achieving inclusive growth. India is going to experience a paradox of nearly 90 million people joining the workforce but most of them will lack requiste skills and the mindset for productiveemployment according to a report in DNA. India has about 550 million people under the age of 25 years out of which only 11% are enrolled in tertiary institutions compared to the world average of 23%. . I will be focussing on how the education system’s failure is leading to another social issue of income inequality and hence, suggest certain policies to improve India’s education system and reduce inequality. Problems and drawbacks The really critical aspect of Indian public education system is its low quality. The actual quantity of schooling that children experience and the quality of teaching they receive are extremely insufficient ingovernment schools. A common feature in all government schools is the poor quality of education, with weak infrastructure and inadequate pedagogic attention. What the government is not realising right now is that education which is a source of human capital can create wide income inequalities. It will be surprising to see how income inequalities are created within the same group of educated peopleSo if the government does not improve education system particularly in rural areas the rich will become richer and the poor will get poorer. Hence, it is imperative for the government to correct the blemishes in India’s education system which will also be a step towards reducing income inequality. Another reason for poor quality of education is the poor quality of teachers in government schools . Government schools are unable to attract good quality teachers due to inadequate teaching facilities and low salaries. The government currently spends only 3% of its GDP on education which is inadequate and insufficient. To improve the quality of education , the government needs to spend more money from its coffers on education. Most economists feel that the only panacea to the ills of the public schooling system is the voucher scheme. Under the voucher system, parents are allowed to choose a school for their children and they get full or partial reimbursement for the expenses from the government. But however, the voucher system will further aggravate the problem of poor quality of education in government schools. Such a system will shift resources from government schools to private schools. This will worsen the situation of government schools which are already under-funded. Moreover, if the same amount given as vouchers can be used to build infrastructure in schools then the government can realize economies of scale. For example- The centre for civil society is providing vouchers worth Rs 4000 per annum to 308 girls. This means that the total amount of money given as vouchers is Rs 1232000. If the same amount can be used to construct a school and employ high quality teachers who are paid well then a larger section of the society will enjoy the benefit of education. A school can definitely accommodate a minimum of 1000 students. I hope government takes certain appropriate policy measures to improve the education system otherwise inequalities are going to be widespread and India’s basic capabilities will remain stunted. Let us strengthen the case for a stronger education system. Conclusion Certain policy measures need to be taken by the government. The basic thrust of government education spending today must surely be to ensure that all children have access to government schools and to raise the quality of education in those schools. One of the ways in which the problem of poor quality of education can be tackled is through common schooling. This essentially means sharing of resources between private and public schools. Shift system is one of the ways through which common schooling can be achieved. The private school can use the resources during the first half of the day and the government school can use it during the second half. It is important to remember that the quality of education is directly linked to the resources available and it is important for the government to improve resource allocation to bring about qualitative changes in the field of education. Common schooling is one of the ways in which government can use limited resources in an efficient way and thus improve resource allocation.

Discuss the whether you believe that the reading on the passive-aggression organization has implications in the UAE

Yes! I should say that passive-aggression organization has implication in the UAE because as Gary Neilson, Bruce Pasternack, and Karen Van Nuys pointed out, no company that has never suffered such syndrome. The passive-aggression organization syndrome is a general situation that has been experienced by business organizations not only in many parts of America, but also in Europe.As Neilson, Pasternack, and Van Nuys stated, problems develop gradually as company grows through a series of â€Å"well-intended but badly implemented organizational changes†¦,† I believe that passive-aggression organization has implication in the UAE because controlling and delegating authority by those at the top often creates problems and complexities that can result to this problem. The survey that was conducted by Booz Allen Hamilton reveals that one in five of about 30,000 respondents to a global online survey admitted they suffered this syndrome.In my view, it is reasonable to say that passi ve-aggression has implications in the UAE. Provide a workplace example from your own experience where you have observed attribution theory occurring. Attribution theory occurs perhaps in every work place where there are both a sound leadership and performance failures. In the banking sector where performance required among employees were customer relations and number skills, occurrence of attribution theory is often seen in this context. Poor performance outcomes are blamed on someone’s customer relation’s skills.Bank employees are paid not only to cater to the need of the clientele; they are also paid to show customer care which mat require skills. Employees often attribute their failures to their lack of skills in customer relations skills. Discuss what you believe is the most important factor to be managed when implementing a change program in the workplace. I believed that the most important factor to be managed when implementing change program in the work place is the change process itself as this could be easily misunderstood by the employees.There are some aspect that needs to be considering when implanting this change such as the behavior of the individual in the organizational settings and the consequences of this change in the employee performance. In the organizational setting, Vecchio stressed that organizational culture provides influences among the employees that could motivate them to bring out their best. Thus, when implementing a change program in the work place, it is important to consider how the change process will have impact on the organizational setting.

Monsters Ball Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Monsters Ball - Term Paper Example The strong point of the movie is its powerful and well crafted story. The basic attributes of the narrative of this film are miserable patriarch approach accompanied with racism, a strong hatred for women, violence, depression, frustration, victim, and the loneliness of each character. It is a dark movie in which the negative shades of human personality are prevalent. The story happens in a rural area of United States. The events of the story take place in rural Louisiana, far away from the cosmopolitan urban life. Being far away from urban and cosmopolitan culture, the people are shown as rigid. The story divides into two families. First is the family of male protagonist that is Hank and the second part is the family of Leticia. Hank’s family is a distressed family, where three men of three different generations are living together under one single roof with blood relations, but there is a vacuum of these generations. The father of Hank has a completely negative shade. He is extremely malicious towards black people. The extreme hatred is shown in the scene where he is so happy to read the article from a local newspaper about the execution of Lawrence Musgrove. He basically is pleased with the thought that one more man of colour is killed. He has passed on this same hatred to his son Hank. Hank’s son Sonny on the other hand is very sensible and sympathetic kind of person. He is lonely and somewhere searching for motherly love and care which has lost in his life. His father hates him and he is not accepted in his family. Somewhere he is in need of that lost love, affection and sense of acceptance. He was urging for his father’s love and affection. Sonny asks his father, â€Å"You hate me, don’t you?† his father coldly admitted that he doesn’t love him. Sonny before shooting himself says, â€Å"Well, I always love you,† and he kills himself in front of his father Hank. Hanks wife and his mother had committed suicid e in a same manner. The second parallel family is Leticia’s family. She is living as a single mother. She is living with her son, Tyrell. She is an African American woman whose husband Lawrence Musgrove is executed after a long waiting of 11 years. Her needs are both financial and emotional. She and her son are struggling and undergoing through financial crisis. She is in need of economic stability as well as mental stability. Her urge for her need is shown through her action of drinking. The audience are shocked when they see the suicide of Sonny. Why did Sonny become a sudden victim of frenzy? He was in need of his father’s affection at that moment. If his father had shown that affection, he probably would not have taken such a drastic step of killing himself. Same thing is with Leticia when she is shown smoking cigarette. Actually she is restless and at that moment she wants someone to give her solace, to take her out of her frustration. She wants to come out of her loneliness. It is her stupid attempt to find peace from smoking. When her son has an accident and she is shouting for help on the road hysterically, she is in need of someone who would help her and her son physically. This momentary need of course was fulfilled by Hank, who takes them to the hospital. The momentary need further develops a very close relationship between her and Hank. The complete transformation of the protagonist is also one of the major attributes of the narrative. The contradictory behaviour of Hank creates an

Managing information Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managing information - Assignment Example Postal surveys (sometimes called mail-out surveys) usually involve mailing self-completed questionnaires to a target group of people. The main advantages of postal surveys are that large numbers of questionnaires can be sent out at fairly low cost. Questions that are difficult to ask on the telephone or in face-to-face interviews, can be asked in a postal questionnaire. For example, personally sensitive information (about income, sexual orientation, drinking behaviour) are best asked about in a way that saves the respondent the embarrassment of facing a stranger and reporting something they may feel awkward about. 41.67% of the male clients to the assessing the store used their own personal cars a compared to 50% of females who used their personal drive. 27.08% of male walked to the store while 30.76% of females. 31.25% males used public transport while 19.23% female used public transport to access the store. Many of the female clients’ use they own drive this implies that in the region more female earn much more than their male counterparts. In the same place more female clients prefer to walk rather than using the public transport. The clients using their own drive found it most convenient to access the store with 35.29% finding it extremely convenient to access the store. 44.44% of clients walking to the store found it extremely convenient for them. And only 13% using public transport found it convenient to access the store. This implies that it is much more convenient to use a personal drive than use of public to access the store. 5% of the clients found the services being to helpful at all even after they waited for extremely long. A relatively huge number of clients 14% found no help at all even after just waiting for slightly long for the service. This implies that the time taken to offer services did not have implication to the quality of service delivered. A total of 14% of all the clients found the service to be helpful

Leader that I admire ( Jesus Christ ) Scholarship Essay

Leader that I admire ( Jesus Christ ) - Scholarship Essay Example Thus everything, Jesus ever did or said is valuable today just as it was that time. This is something that cannot be said of any other being; dead or alive. This therefore is to say that every word and act of Jesus is valuable to all humanity no matter their location or walk in life. Jesus simply became the much needed Light of the World. Jesus was and still is the epitome of love. Jesus loved others so much and He would listen to them without being patronising. The loving nature of Jesus was demonstrated by not only the caring for the people more than the regulations and rules but also by eventually giving His life away so that mankind can be redeemed from sin. This is one of the habits of a great leader; listening and loving others without measure. He taught his disciples as well as His followers to have faith not only in Himself but also God. He emphasised the importance of faith so much that He gave an analogy of the mustard seed, demonstrating that all what is needed is a little amount of faith for one to move mountains. Jesus was a wonderful listener and He listened to all and sundry, without discriminating against anybody. There is nothing as important as lending someone an ear and giving them your time. A great leader anywhere listens not only to his subjects, but also to his own conscience as well as promptings from God. Jesus also saw great potential in people and was willing to make an investment of individuals other people would have easily dismissed, the early followers of Jesus (disciples) were not religious at all, yet Jesus was willing to use them to begin His church. Jesus was also an amazing leader in that He handled criticism positively. When criticised for allowing a prostitute to sit down crying and anointing his feet, Jesus gave them a story which gave more honour to the woman. Jesus thus, handled criticism graciously. It is the story, deeds and love of this Greatest Teacher who ever lived that inspires

Different Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Different Perspective - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that diversity means difference. Human diversity sets to explain the differences among people. The trends of diversity in the society have made the topic very imperative. Diversity has made the global market a competitive one. It has also encouraged the vivid change of the population believes. Diversity has enabled people to celebrate their different uniqueness because, in the society, there is reduced effort to fit in. People vary from one another. The subject of how people differ is unclear, and that is the reason why studies that involve individual differences are carried out. Such studies scrutinize variance, the difference between people and their central tendencies. The main aim of diversity awareness is to reveal the similarity and difference of people across varying situations. The researchers that study individual differences use genetic codes to determine the ethnic, social, sexual, and cultural differences. The methods that colle ct information for the studies range. Such methods are field studies, laboratory experiments, Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis and procedures of structural or multilevel modeling. The researchers identified that gender/sex and ethnicity are traits that are complex. These traits are useful because they include the social magnitude of diversity consciousness. Sexual orientation is the pattern of sexual attraction to opposite sexes or both.

Elaborate sustainable solutions on how to reduce construction waste Essay

Elaborate sustainable solutions on how to reduce construction waste during construction sites in United Arab Emirates - Essay Example and materials which are stored at the construction site are not always stored in the proper manner and as such, cause problems with regards to the performance of the workers and the use of the surrounding amenities. Most of the construction area pollution is being caused by activities such as drilling, piling, cement mixing, etc. which generate immeasurable dust stemming from the construction activities at various locations which utilize machinery in the mixing and exhausting of materials. With dust being pointed to as the major cause of air pollution, it has become quite evident that the chemicals and fuels necessary to proceed with the project need to be considered in terms of storage and use in order to lessen its harmful effects, discomfort, and air pollution at the site . Co2 emissions are normally traced back to the maachinery and stored materials. Over time these emissions affect not only the environment, but the moral of the workers whose productivity is directly tied in with their sick days. More sick days on their part often results on delayed project completion. Due to these aforementioned reasons, it is quite obvious that proper storage, organization, and regulations must be implemented at the construction sites fortheir materials, components, and machinery which can help to lower the pollution generated during the construction period. The sound pollution created by the vibration of the machinery and vehicles at the construction site due to the haphazard use of the equipment or low quality of construction materials used. The soil and heavy materials that move around at the site cause a vibration which create noise that can adversely affect the health and hearing of the workers. As such, a variety of building related illnesses can be noted during this span of time among the workers. Unfortunately, the noise cannot be avoided because of the size of the machinery used and large scale vibration that it creates. However, the noise pollution can be managed

Writting paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Writting paper - Essay Example This article relates to me in a way such that the death of Lobo reminds me about the death of my grand mother. I still remember she was a very kind women, she used to care for us dearly, not very rich but had enough money to support herself. I remember her last time; I was in Australia at that time doing my MBA (Finance) from University of Perth. I went there on a scholarship, my grandmother was suffering from Lung cancer, she was a smoker, and I had my flight from Perth at 10:00 p.m. in the night. I was on my way to see her, the flight got delayed over and over and we finally took off at 4:00 am. And reached my hometown after 28 long hours. I was fully exhausted. I decided not to visit immediately, I spent a night at a hotel. And decided I will visit her after taking some rest. I called her and said I am stuck somewhere and will be there as soon as possible. I found a hotel, and checked in. The moment I saw my room, I tipped the Servant, and told him to put a â€Å"Do not Disturbâ €  Sign on my door Knob. I saw the bed and without taking off my Suit, neck tie or even my shoes, I fell on the Bed and fell into asleep that lasted almost 16 hours. The moment I woke up, I took a look at my cell phone and saw 18 miscalls, two from my college room mates and the remaining from my Grand Mother’s House. I immediately called my Friends and told him that by the grace of God, I have reached the destination. Then I called my grandmother and told her I’ll be at her house in 2 to 2 and 1/2 hours. She said fine but her tone got me worried. Because I could sense that she was very angry at me for not showing up when the plane landed. I got to the Bathroom, took a bath, ordered some lunch, put on some clothes and shoes, and waited for the hotel boy to bring me my lunch. When the guy got me my lunch, I ate it in a jiffy. I checked out of the hotel, and took a cab to my grand mother’s house. When I reached there, my heart started pounding, I don’t kn ow

Society (Immigration) U.S Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Society (Immigration) U.S - Movie Review Example Avalon’s journey begins with a polish-Jewish family, laced up with strong family ties and attachment for almost every reason like love, respect, care and integrity. (Gustafson, 2004) Krachinsky’s clan moved to America and settled in Baltimore in 1914 with hopes and spirit to earn pleasure and harmony, wanted to experience the wonders of America and it limitless possibilities but unfortunately they faced unpleasant changes in their strong family network and no longer remained compassionate about their deep traditional roots. They multiplied into generations and got success in their financial statuses but faced some heartbreaking problems when their 2nd and 3rd generation moved away from family bounding and pursued for American ideology. Krachinsky brought along their fine cultural, traditional and religious values which were later eroded by the strong social forces and were replaced by the modernize American Culture. (Paul Haspel, 2008) The story revolves around three ma in changes that the family suffered through, firstly when the family started moving to suburbs, Secondly Levinson emphasized on the get together with the extended families on special days like thanksgiving or church days, was no longer practiced or enjoyed together on a long dinner table in fact, gradually shrunk to small tables after the arrival of television, Third and the main point was that the succeeding generation started replacing their family names. The youth was driven slowly and gradually into cultural assimilation where they forgot their roots and traditional practices and ran for the charisma that the American Society carries. The limelight of fast pace American life has always attracted people regardless of their beliefs. This is what impressed Sam when he first stepped in America and saw the biggest and brightest celebrations and he realized that he made the right decision. Later he was proven wrong when he experienced the harsh attitudes from his own son and his wife. Levinson has brilliantly pictured the generation gap with all its components like adaptation of new technological advancements, upgrading lifestyles by moving to suburbs and doing a white collar jobs, replacement of their own sir names and keeping American names. (Haspel, 2008) The detoriation of cultural heritage effected and poisoned Sam gradually and ultimately when he finally saw his grandson visiting him in old home. It is about all immigrants who face such issues like language difference, religious difference and on the whole color differences. Whatever the picture, media and Hollywood presents, the problems that immigrants from all around the world face remains there but they have no direct way to popularize it therefore the world accept the picture which is neatly painted by the American media that how immigrants have successfully accomplished in America, ignoring the fact that they have sacrificed their precious norms in terms of their moral, religious and cultural values to get this materialistic improvement in life. There is no doubt that American land is charismatic, full of glitz and glam but at the same time it heavily lacks family life and discipline of human life which can never lose its essence no matter how much we progress and achieve in our life. Levinson developed an awesome piece with a

Global Human Resource Management in the Aviation Industry Research Paper

Global Human Resource Management in the Aviation Industry - Research Paper Example Airline leaders and managers must align their management practices especially HRM with the rapidly changing business environment. With most accidents in the aviation industry occurring due to human error, special training programs that reduce human error and increase the effectiveness of employees in the industry such as flight crew attendants, aviation engineers and pilots. HRM should focus on crew management programs that improve operational performance, situational awareness and decision-making. HRM policies are necessary in designing training programs to enhance the performance and efficiency of employees in the aviation sector. Most airliners operate in a global environment across different continents. In this regard, managers must adopt global human resource practices in line with the cultures and practices in the respective countries of operations. This research examines the HRM strategies and practices in the aviation industry. It examines the efficient HRM practices necessary to operate in the highly competitive and globalized aviation industry. It investigates the training design programs necessary t o avert human errors and improve efficiency among employees in the aviation industry. HRM deals with the management of people within the workplace and creating a favorable employer-employee relationship. Particularly, HRM is concerned with improving the performance of the employees in order to achieve organizational objectives. HRM is also important in improving the satisfaction of both the employees and the clients. HRM is very important in the success of any business such as the aviation industry. In the aviation industry, HRM improves customer satisfaction and minimizes the risk of human errors that could be fatal and cause accidents. Durai (2010) elaborates that HRM is wide and contains many factions such as job design and description, employee selection and training. Other divisions of HRM include project appraisal and reward systems. HRM has a

Threat of Lutheranism to the Catholic Church Essay Example for Free

Threat of Lutheranism to the Catholic Church Essay The end of the fifteenth century had left Christendom with a Church in great need of reform. The Church had been greatly weakened by the events of the past few centuries. The fourteenth century’s Great Famine and Black Death had battered the public’s trust in the Church, as had the Papal Schism spanning from 1378-1417. When the ideas of Martin Luther began to spread in the early 1500s, the Church became afraid for its power, its reputation, and its finances. Luther was promising people that they would be saved through their faith alone—what place did that leave for the Church and its teachings? In any other time in human history, Luther’s ideas likely would have been quietly beaten down and buried, but a very unique set of circumstances allowed the ideas of a small-town monk and professor to take on the immense power of the Catholic Church. While others’ ideas could be ignored, the Church was intensely threatened by Luther because his ideas questioned the role and necessity of their already-weakened institution, called for an end to indulgences, endangered social stability, and exposed the failings of the Church by returning to the Bible as the only source of God’s truth. Two hundred years before Luther came onto the Church’s radar, the Catholic Church was enjoying great power and success. The Church leaders wielded considerable influence on all matters in Christendom. Even those who felt discontent with the Church were too afraid to rebel against its order, fearing the loss of their salvation. The despair of the Great Famine and Black Death, however, greatly destabilized the Church’s position. The people of Europe had placed so much faith in the Church, yet what could they think when their priests and monks proved susceptible to the plague, dying in higher numbers than the common people? Should not the Pope, with his power bestowed by God, be able to stop this famine and disease from ravaging the continent? Should God not save His people? The doubts of the people caused the first real murmurings of religious upheaval, made even worse by the Papal Schism. The schism caused people to not only question the power of the Church, but to wonde r who was really in charge and from what source his authority came. The weakness of the Church in the wake of the famine and plague led to the prominence of potential reformers in the late 1300s and early 1400s. John Wycliffe and Jan Hus preached the desire for the Church to return to a humbler form, one bereft of extreme wealth and grandeur. Both men hailed the importance of putting the Vulgate into the vernacular so the common man could understand it. Though they both lived many years before Luther, their teachings caused great anxiety in the Church, and their actions helped to lay the groundwork for the Protestant Reformation. One of the greatest reasons the Church was already feeling so threatened and vulnerable when Luther started preaching was because of the discoveries of Lorenzo Valla. Valla, a student of Petrarch’s humanist schools, had spent time studying the Donation of Constantine, the document from the Emperor Constantine giving the Catholic Church authority over the entire Roman Empire. After examining the document, Valla came to the conclusion that it was a forgery and, thus, completely voided. His essay revealing the forgery was circulated for many years and finally officially published in 1517. The Church, having using the Donation of Constantine for centuries to validate its power over Christendom, flatly rejected Valla’s logic. After the blows of the last century, the delicate Church could not afford for people to start questioning its authority. The combination of the effects of the Great Famine, the Black Death, the teachings of Wycliffe and Hus, and the discovery of Valla left the Church in a very vulnerable position. When Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses up on the door of a Wittenberg Church, the Church leaders were understandably threatened. The last thing they needed were more attacks on their teachings and influence. By challenging the people of Wittenberg to a debate on his theses, Luther made himself even more of a threat because he was forcing the people to think. People who had complacently followed church teachings all their lives were now being told to question the things they had taken for granted. The Church had even more reasons to be threatened by Luther. The availability of the printing press at this time allowed for Luther and his friends to disseminate his teachings throughout all of Germany. Once Luther’s ideas had spread, the Church ran into even more problems with Luther. Luther refused to back down from his ideas, even after Pope Leo X sent a cardinal to reason with him. Despite their frustration, the Church was unable to put Luther to death because of protection from Friedrich the Wise, the ruler of Luther’s district. Friedrich, quite pleased with the attention that is coming to his district, refuses to hand over Luther to church authorities. The Church leaders were always threatened by voices of dissent against them, but could, under normal circumstances, quickly put the dissenter to death for heresy. Luther proved a great threat because Friedrich’s protection allowed him to remain unharmed and able to write and distribute his teachings. While the circumstances leading to Luther’s rise to prominence had already put the Church on high alert, it was also the content of Luther’s teachings that caused them great panic. The cornerstone of Luther’s teachings was that â€Å"whoever has faith will have everything† (Luther 13). He preached that faith in God was the only thing required for salvation. Luther’s teachings stood in stark contrast to those of the Church, which emphasized ceremonies, indulgences, and the seven Sacraments. The followers of the Church had been told that money and good works could get them into heaven, only now to be told that â€Å"if a man were not first a believer and a Christian, all his works would amount to nothing and would be truly wicked and damnable sins† (Luther 39). If people were to believe that salvation were to only be gained through their own personal faith, then what role would the Church play? According to Luther, they no longer needed the Church to administer the Sacraments, to intercede on their behalf, or to use indulgences to free themselves and loved ones from Purgatory. The Church, for so many centuries in a position of political and religious authority, could not stand for these teachings, teachings that devalued them to nothing. While the Church was greatly threatened by the effect of Luther’s ideas on its own power, there was also concern for their effect on social stability. At this time period, politics and religion were intricately linked. Political leaders and church leaders all came from wealthy families. High-ranking parents were able to pay church leaders to secure their sons a role such as bishop or pope. People who were born peasants were peasants for their whole lives. The stability of this system was deeply rooted in religion. Traditional church teachings were needed because they â€Å"legitimized social hierarchies and political authority† (Diefendorf 4). To avoid discontent among the peasants and to retain their positions, Church leaders taught that people were born into the roles that God desired for them. Peasants were meant to be peasants, and kings were meant to be kings. People were taught that trying to change their station in life was akin to rebelling against God and would surely warrant eternal damnation. When Luther began teaching the idea of â€Å"justification by faith alone,† it called this system into question. How would social mobility forfeit salvation if faith was all that was required to be saved? The teachings of Luther alarmed all political leaders, not just those affiliated with the Church, because of the fear that these new ideas would disrupt the social order and their place within it. Despite the panic of the religious and political leaders, Luther’s ideas continued to spread throughout Christendom, gaining followers and driving people away from the Church. The Church would have had nothing to fear from Luther if they had not strayed so far from the Bible and its teachings. They viewed Luther as the threat, but his ideas were largely based in their own wrongdoing. The Church had become arrogant, greedy, and manipulative. In their desire to build grand basilicas and seize political power, they became consumed by the â€Å"completely depraved, hopeless, and notorious godlessness† that Luther detected (Luther 79). They were using fear to motivate their followers and had sunk so low as to sell salvation. I think the biggest reason the Church was so fearful of Luther’s teachings was because they sensed how much truth they contained, and they knew that the common people sensed it too. The Church had chosen to ignore its fallibility and had started writing rules in God’s place. They were out of line, and Luther drew attention to it. I think the Church knew how much they had strayed, knew they had wandered down a dark and evil path, but felt they were too far-gone. The Church was a powerful entity, and its leaders knew they had to keep being viewed that way. They could not be seen as weak or indecisive, or the common people would seize on that failing. When Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses onto a Wittenberg church door in 1517, no one could have predicted the enormous effect his ideas would have. His ideas were thrown into the world at the exact right time and were heard by the exact right ears. His idea of â€Å"justification of faith alone† was enough to rouse a whole continent, enough to provoke battles and bloodshed in town after town. Despite being a single man, his ideas were enough to draw the interest, and ire, of the Pope and the Emperor. The Church was so intensely threatened by Luther because of their already-weakened state, his promise of salvation through faith alone, his insistence on the end of indulgences, his danger to social stability, and their own possible realizations that there was truth in his words. The truth of it is, though, that the Church was threatened not by a common monk in a small town, but by the strength of an idea that was strong enough to move millions.

Is Dictatorship Ever Justified Politics Essay

Is Dictatorship Ever Justified Politics Essay Many people take a negative light to dictatorship, even though in some countries it can really help to improve circumstances. Take for example Singapore, in 1960 it was slums and poverty, but in 1965 it became independent from Britain and took on a dictatorship under the Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. Lee transformed the slums into a thriving city, which now has one of the highest GDPs per person. This essay will take a look at dictatorships, in Singapore specifically, and answer the question of if they can ever be justified, and the subtopic questions the original raises. To understand the question one must first understand the context. The definition of a dictatorship is when one person or a group of people has absolute power, meaning that they have total control, no one can challenge them.  [1]  Dictatorships come into power when there is a weakness in government due to a financial problem or social problem. Singapore used to be full of poverty and uneducated people in the 1960s  [2]  , and when Lee Kuan Yew saw this, he saw an opportunity. He persuaded his way into power through the PAP (Peoples Action Party),  [3]  and begun to implement his plans for the city. However, he used his power to greater benefit the city and all its inhabitants, and this is called a benevolent dictatorship.  [4]  The other kind of dictator is called a tyrant, and it is the one that most people think of when they hear the word dictator: a cruel person or group who uses his or her power for himself or herself or a small portion of the population. Dictators are basically just the modern version, or word, really, of kings. There have been many famous, or really infamous, tyrants in history, and not so many benevolent ones. For example, there has been Hitler, Stalin, and Kim Jong-Il. All of these tyrants have given a bad reputation to dictatorship. In todays world, dictatorship is linked with cruelness and oppressiveness, but that is not always the case. Singapore is a great example of a justified dictatorship. Singapore was ruled by Britain until 1965 when they declared their independence. However, this meant that Singapore was cut off from Malaysias economy and Indonesia continued to threaten them, drying up their entrepot, a port that can import or export without paying import duties, taxes on the goods.  [5]  This greatly hurt Singapore but they did not despair. Because of this economic crisis, a dictator came into power. Lee Kuan Yew quickly cleaned up the place using a number of techniques. To control birth rates he put up free family planning clinics and ran a campaign while decreeing that women who have more than 2 children would get higher hospital bills, shorter maternity leaves and less income tax relief  [6]  . Lee also gave a $5000 reward to mothers who, after their second child, are sterilized. Sterilized mothers are given better housing and education for their kids.  [7]  On the problem of poverty and econo my, Lee came up with a brilliant solution. He required all workers to save 25% of their salaries, and the money can only be claimed after the age of 55.  [8]  This effectively cut down poverty so much that Singapore is now almost completely poverty-free. Almost all Singaporeans agree with these rules as well. They think that it is reasonable and they make sense. They do not fear the government either, they (most, at least) complain when they feel they need to.  [9]  The amazing part about all of this is that it was achieved through a dictatorship, something once associated with vile and cruel acts and feelings. Nothing comes without a price, unfortunately. Although Singapore is rich economically, they are harsh politically. Is this price worth it? Singapore has a harsh death penalty, which has been criticized before, and freedom of speech is suppressed. However, Singapore has virtually no criminals due to their government, so there were only 11 executions from 2008 to 2010.  [10]  There has also been some ill treatment, namely caning. Caning is when you are beat with a rod, though human rights say that is must be covered in antiseptic beforehand to ensure that there will not be any infections.  [11]  A good number of the offences that are punishable by caning are immigration violations.  [12]  On the other hand, Singapores economy has skyrocketed, it has one of the highest GDPs per person in the world, and their poverty rate is 0.3%. Americas poverty rate is 20%.  [13]  Another thing to address in this question is that although these treatments are incredibly strict and unor thodox, they get their job done. They are barely ever used, and when they are, it is only enforcing the point to people. Over all, most people would agree that these unusual treatments are not without reason, they do what they are supposed to do very well, and that the huge economic benefits outweigh the ethical downsides. Another thing to consider is whether Singapore is considered a dictatorship at all. Singapore is assumed to be a dictatorship because there is one party that runs unopposed, the Peoples Action Party. There are still elections but no one wants to run against them, mainly because the way they run the country is fine with everyone as explained before. Another reason why Singapore is a dictatorship is because Lee was in power for over 30 years, while in typical democracies like the U.S. there are term limits to prevent presidents or leaders from staying in power too long and becoming dictators. Yet another reason why Singapore is not a democracy is that the peoples opinion is very important in most democracies. In Singapore people can complain to the government but that does not mean that their opinion will be taken into effect, it is always the ruling partys decision. Nonetheless, this could have changed easily. If an opposing party ran against the PAP and won other parties may be inspi red to rise up as well, turning the dictatorship into a democracy quite quickly. This is why most dictators must find ways to force their people into submission so that they will not challenge his authority. The ruling party does not need to because they have acted in the peoples best interest and therefore the people have no need to challenge their authority, they already like what they are currently doing. These are the reasons that peoples assumptions about Singapore are right, that it is a dictatorship; it is just under the guise of a democracy. Even if Singapore is a dictatorship, what makes it a benevolent dictatorship? A few reasons have been mentioned before, but those arent fact enough. The problem with a question like this is that considering Singapore a benevolent dictatorship is all an opinion, it is all based on your point of view. So, to answer the question you must ask the people. In this case, the majority of people say that yes, the Peoples Action Party are benevolent dictators. However, people do not consider them to be dictators because they are benevolent. They associate dictatorship with meanness and cruelty, not kindness and the best interest of the people. But what are their reasons behind their decision to support their government? As mentioned before in this essay, the PAP have done much to control birth rates and they have also made savings mandatory so that old people can support themselves and to reduce poverty. Along with that the Peoples Action Party has helped to improve every apartment complex so that it either has or is near to a swimming pool, recreation centre, shopping centre, community centre, and a school. They have also helped to make sure that the apartments not be shabbily built and not tiny, either. The PAP has also practically declared war against bad habits, such as littering, jaywalking, spitting, smoking, gambling, and even anti-social behaviour. The fine for all of these (except for anti-social behaviour) is $250, though gambling in the state lottery is allowed.  [14]  The PAP has especially attacked smoking. During a certain Smoke-Free Week they put up signs everywhere saying, Stub it Out, Singapore! and other signs state the cities smoking deaths, around 10 a day back then. The best part about their campaign against smoking was not the signs, anyone can put up signs, but the Peoples Action Party sent out smiling teens with baskets of apples and the teens offered to trade an apple for a pack of cigarettes. Their campaign was successful in the end, with th e percentage of smokers in the population going from 23% to only 13%.  [15]  The PAP also created new jobs for people, and improved the conditions of working by simply shifting the countrys focus to technology-intensive high value industries. That was in 1989, and that same year 30% of the countrys GDP was from manufacturing alone.  [16]  These are the reasons that people consider the PAP to be benevolent, and with that many improvements plus more unmentioned it is enough to make anyone believe that they are benevolent. However, just because dictatorship worked for one country does not mean it will work for all. One of the worst dictators was Adolf Hitler. He was smart enough to find a way to keep people from challenging him out of power but not enough to not wage war  [17]  . He paid no attention to the state of his country, and left that up to his subordinates, who paid even less attention than him.  [18]  Another example would be Kim-Jong-Il in North Korea. He ignored his people so much that 43% of children under 5 were so malnourished that their growth was actually stunted  [19]  . He monitored everything and kept around 200,000 prisoners in labour camps where they starve and are tortured.  [20]  Many people, if asked, would say that dictatorship is very bad and one person or a group having all the power is just too much. However, Singapore clearly shows that if the right man or woman is chosen for the job, they can really use that power to change their country, and even the worl d. On the other hand, if the wrong person is given power they can misuse it to the point that the rest of the world has to step in to intervene. Unfortunately, this is the most common case. So really, it all depends on the person put in power. So, in conclusion, is dictatorship ever justified? Yes, it is. It is justified in the case of Singapore, under a benevolent dictatorship disguised as a democracy. The way the dictatorship turns out depends on the person put in power. Hitler had no more power than any other dictators he just misused it more. If you can find the right person, than your country can be hugely improved and redesigned to discover new advancements, a perfect example of which is Singapore.

KPMG Consultancy Firm Business Analysis

KPMG Consultancy Firm Business Analysis Structure of KPMG: KPMGs board is making the main decisions with chairman Simon Collins, such as the built of KPMGs flagship office in Canary Warf in 2006. Every client facing person can be involved in the engagement process, although some people in the firm have specific roles. Some Partners are responsible of different sectors within the firm; such as Head of Finance or Head of Deal Advisory. They are managing the sector and making sure their orders are getting passed through by the directors in case. A Director then is responsible for the people working within the sector. Managers are making sure the engagement process is proceeding as planned. Problems such as level of staff shortness would get reported by a line manager to the HR department. Only very important queries are getting sent to the partners in charge. KPMG is a worldwide active company with headquarters in the Netherlands. KPMG is a consultancy firm with focus on Advisory, Tax and Audit. Geographically wise, KPMG has 22 offices with about 16,000 employees, with headquarters in Canary Warf, London.          Structure of National Trust: The National trust charity has a completely different leadership structure to KPMG. The senior management is making the main decisions. The middle management passes down the made decisions to the maintenance team. Ightham More in Kent is seen as National Trusts biggest conservation project and the senior management team decided to take it on. The two main income sources are National Trusts costumers and donators. The typical costumers are a middle aged to older people that have a strong interest in the wellbeing of Britains historic buildings as well as tourist. National Trust only operates in the UK. The trust has 4,2 million members, 60,000 volunteers and a staff of 10,000. Functional Areas: KPMG National Trust Finance KPMG is taking loans from different organisations to provide engagement work to the client. As most engagement processes take many months KPMG is operation at a huge risk. KPMG is consulting firm that are being close to bankruptcy. With a failing client work not only the client is facing enormous problems, also KPMG cant pay its employees. Every failing engagement can cost the firm many million pounds revenue. Sometimes provision work is being paid from KPMGs profit to ensure loyal clients will still be advised even with a low profitability. National trust is raising their finances via membership fees and donations. As a non-profit organisation the charity relies on the donations, as the membership fees and visitor income cover only a third of their total costs. The charity is also getting subsidised by the government as they have a huge interest of securing old and historic buildings across the UK. Marketing As KPMG is in an oligopolistic competition, where pricing strategy will most certainly end up in a price war. Non-pricing strategies such as marketing or RD help to win the market. As the firm provides services for firms, they wont have marketing strategies such as Nike or Adidas, as its a completely different environment. KPMG has their logo on the McLaren Formula One car to diverse their marketing strategies. National Trust is rethinking their marketing strategies by attracting the younger generation on social media such as Instagram, Facebook or Twitter. The Trust has continuing problems with getting the attention of the 16-25 y/o target group. Customer service The entire staff is trained to the best level to give the client the best outcome they can wish for, however KPMGs employees need to have greater knowledge than customer service, as only a few people will actually interact with the client. KPMG relies on that their clients come back to them for future engagement. As well as KPMG, National Trusts employees dont rely as much on customer service as their job mainly requires experience. Their customer service will be keeping the historical buildings clean and provide a welcome and warm service at the ticket boxes. Human Resources KPMG has a separate HR department as many other big firms. They give out the open job places, where people can apply. The HR department communicates with the trading unions and employer associations to avoid strikes. Likewise KPMG, the trust is similarly structured in terms of HR. The staff welfare will heavily affect the charity as they are responsible for the maintenance of very important buildings. P4 explain how their style of organisations helps them to fulfil their purposes. Strategic planning: KPMG National Trust Mission and Values KPMGs mission for the near future will be providing firms in the UK the best advice on the Brexit Referendum. Values are held high at KPMG. One of their mottos is diversity makes a frim great. The firm is employing from every cultural and ethnical background to support the society but also to differentiate the firm from other big advise giving firms. Their mission and values are very to KPMG. National Trust is a profit satisficing firm. The charities aim isnt to maximise their profits to become wealthier, instead they focus on keeping their stakeholders happy and give something back to society by preserve and protect historic places. Their motto is forever, for everyone. Development of strategic aims In order to achieve strategic aims in the long run, the firm needs to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Strategic changes are usually planned by KPMGs innovation team. Differentiating is key in our fast growing and changing economy. Strategic changes need to be thought through carefully as a wrong decision can quickly lead to bankruptcy even for TNCs such as KPMG. The charity needs to raise money in order to develop their strategic aims. As National Trusts main income comes from donations, it is really important to NT to raise money in order to maintain the historic buildings. Cascading of Objectives One of KPMGs main aim is to win clients and their work in order to achieve profit maximisation. KMPGs process can start in various ways. Mainly though it starts that the client writes out certain work, where normally many consultancy firms apply for. The leadership team then decides if the engagement would be profitable or not. If it would be profitable then, an engagement team presents the client a piece of work (investment work), where they then decide if they want to work with KPMG or not. Their process starts with the senior management deciding taking on a new project. The middle management will operate with a Gantt chart to split up the different tasks across the maintenance team. They will then split their resources equally to control and observe these tasks to make sure the work is done to their best standards. It is very important that the maintenance team is working up to certain standards, as most secured buildings are tourist attractions and leaving a hazardous sphere is inacceptable and highly dangerous to the public. Strategic Planning Progress The strategic planning progress is fairly similar in both companies. The two organisations have different departments, however are always working together. Each department has a director/manager who sets the directions. In both organisations the Finance team supports the whole firm with background information on the engagement process or securing of buildings. Smart targets The SMART targets are acronyms, which summarises what should be considered before starting a project. SMART targets are being used to ensure that the workload is split up realistically and timed correctly. KPMG and National Trust senior leadership team are relying heavily on this, as it shows them a breakdown of their costs and it reduces KPMGs risk to fail and insures the partners an increasing survival against the competitors. Different aims: KPMG National Trust KPMG aims to maximise profits in orders to grow on a higher scale than its competitors. In a world that is driven by wealth it is key for firms in the Private sector to achieve long-term growth. Profits will get invested to improve the workforce with specific trainings or spent on Research and Development. As KPMG is operating in an oligopolistic market it is important that the firms differentiates itself from the other big four consultancies. National Trusts financial main aim is to break even so that their revenue covers their costs. To survive National trust must make sure they are advertising the reconstruction of old buildings is of long term value and is tremendously important for Britains future. New donations will ensure that the charity can take on new projects and can secure old buildings from rotting. P5 describe the influence of two contrasting economic environments on business activities within a selected organisation. Introduction KPMGs business activities in the UK and India. Demands: 1. Influenced by affordability UK The UK is seen as one of the strongest countries in the developed world. Shortly after the first effects of Brexit have hit the UK economy, the pound has depreciated by nearly 40%. That means that the services KPMG provides is getting fairly cheaper abroad. Due to the fall in the currency, KPMGs clients had the chance to export more and gain more revenue to demand KPMGs services. India The country is booming as never before, with a population of nearly 1,4 billion it is still seen as a developing country, as a reason of the bizarre income distribution. The richest people 10 % are earning more than the other 90% together. KPMG in India (KGS) however, is getting very influential in the Indian economy. The firm is helping big organisations setting up manufactories, but also helping Indian firms how to enter the Western culture. 2. Competition availability of substitutes UK The competition is becoming tremendously stronger, as KPMG is operating in an oligopolistic market structure (4 firms have about 80% of the market share). KPMG really needs to match the other competitors prices to be efficient and not lose clients to the opposition. The brand image in the UK has a very strong connection in the society. The Economist thinks that the main competition to consultancy firms in the future will be firms like Google, as the market is about to change completely. India The Indian citizen dont have such a strong connection to a brand. They rather have quantity instead of quality. That makes it harder for KPMG, as the strong brand name doesnt help the firm to win the clients. KPMG really needs to work hard and efficient in order to make the engagement profitable. 3. Level of Gross Domestic product (GDP) UK The UK has been for a few years in recession (two or more consecutive quarters of negative economic growth), but due to help from the Bank of England and certain government policies, the UK climbed out of the recession. Peoples wages started to increase achieving a long-term goal of increasing economic growth (higher GDP). The population started to change their spending habits and firms had to produce more. That led to that KPMGs clients needed further help with developing their products or introducing new marketing strategies. India As India is becoming a future economic superpower; KPMG has build a new headquarter in New Delhi. Achieving economic growths of over 5% in recent years, British TNCs started to invest hugely in the Indian Economy. KPMG was a mayor part of developing new strategies, introducing marketing schemes or helping doing PR work. 4. Needs and aspirations of consumers UK In the 21st century, becoming more diverse as a country and firm is key to success. Offering a greater variety of services could extremely diversify the firm to gain new clients. In the Tech-century, where London the capital of start up companies in Europe is, it might be very useful working close with start-ups together and helping funding their idea and company. Many smaller consultancy firms have a private equity department, offering start-up companies the needed support but also the money could mean that in the future there is no need for investment firms anymore. India The country is fairly similar to the UK. Tech Start-ups are playing a big role in the countries economy but also society. As the country is moving from a primary product dependency economy (developing country) to one of the super powers in the world, it would be really important for KPMG to get in contact with those small businesses, which could potentially chance the world in a few years. Supply: 1. Influence by availability and labour UK Investing Billions and Billions of Pounds every year into the wealth fare state over the last 30 years has provided the UK an extremely strong labour force. Introducing a law, which keeps students in full time education till the age of 18, educates the work force to a decent level. Nearly 20% of the population have a degree or higher, according to a study from the government. Due to the very high level work force, prestigious companies such as KPMG can choose their graduate trainees and consultants from top Universities to further improve their workforce. India- India is currently still more active in the primary and secondary sector, where a high level work force is not needed. However, India is going through a big change in their education system, the current government wants to abolish underage working, so that the economy can take more profit from a greater workforce. KPMG could take great use of that, investing in new education schemes, could provide the firm a loyal and enthusiastic work force. 2. Logistics UK Logistics are the planning, organising and movements of activities for certain tasks. The UK has great transportation links such as motorways, train lines or for longer distances plane routes. Many KPMG clients are taking such a big use of those transportation opportunities. Tesco for example needs to be able to get their food every day to its stores. India KPMGs clients such as Tescos have altered the chain logistics to cut food waste, making sure that no food goes to waste. Like in the UK, India has a revolutionary road system in the bigger cities, however due to the heavy rainfalls during the spring months, it is really difficult to set up well developed roads in the country side. 3. Profitability UK The service KPMG offers is very inelastic, meaning that as people/firms are becoming richer they wouldnt proportionately spend more money on advisory or consultancy costs. As KPMG is an oligopoly, their services are fairly similar to its competitors, meaning that KPMG cant use pricing strategies to increase its profitability. KPMG can increase its profitability by non-pricing strategies, such as marketing or RD. India Even in India, the services KPMG offers are inelastic, although not as inelastic as in the UK. Foreign firms setting up projects in India relying more on KPMGs services, as they sometimes dont have the needed knowledge of what is needed to make the project successful. 4. Government support UK The government subsidises KPMG as they are with over 15,000 employees one of the biggest employers in the UK. KPMG also help the government setting up projects. India The Indian government compared to the British doesnt have the capacity to support foreign firms. As most Asian countries want to be self sufficient, the government accepts the foreign firms but is often not willing to give out subsidies. Global interaction: 1. Levels and types of interdependence UK As KPMG is a service providing based business its assets are the employees. As KPMG International is split into the different country roles, many offices are working together to achieve the best possible outcome for the client. KPMG isnt dependant on any other party, such as suppliers. Although KPMG UK is trying to increasingly use the Indian link to reduce costs and increase profit margins. India India/Indian firms are majorly dependent on their exports. India has one of the biggest tech supplier firms, but also go to less developed countries to import suitable pieces to decrease their cost of production and increase their global efficiency. KPMG as a service-providing firm, is giving those export depending firms advice on how to operate in such ways. 2. Ownership of business UK Each national KPMG firm is an independent legal entity and is a member of KPMG International. Every firm in the group is responsible for its own obligations and liabilities. Simon Collins is a senior partner and the chairperson for KPMG UK. He is responsible for long-term growth and sustainability of the UK firm. These actions provide the firm leadership through the organisation and implement their overseas strategies. India Same as in the UK, KMPG India is run as an independent member of KPMG International. Although KPMG India (KSG) is well integrated with the KPMGs in the western world. KSG is able to offer a cheaper service, as a reason of lower standards of livings in India. It is often quite common that KGS employees are getting used for engagement progresses in the UK to increase profit margins. 3. Movement of capital and business operations UK The UK firm is KPMGs flagship in Europe. With the prestigious headquarter in Canary Warf is used as eye candy for clients but also competitors. KPMGs clients in the UK manage the whole European and West African financial markets, which allows KPMG UK to invest more in such expenses than other countries. As KPMG is operating in an oligopolistic market, they only have a certain price setting function. KPMG and its competitors rather try with non-pricing strategies to win the market. India As well as in the UK, KPMG tries to win through first impressions. With an enormous building in New Delhi, where KPMG is controlling the Indian market from. They offer the same services as KPMG in the UK does. KPMG India is steadily growing as a reason of great economic growth in India. M2 compare the challenges to selected business activities within a selected organisation, in two different economic environments. Similarities Differences KPMG is aiming to make profits in the UK and India, to maintain their headquarters and invest in future innovations. Diversity is one of the main aims at KPMG to grow and thrive as a firm. India has a complete different target market, with a population of nearly 1,3 billion, KPMG needs to satisfy clients on a complete different scale, size and cultural aspects, compared to the UK with a population of 65 Million. Having a great relationship between firm and client is really important in both countries. Being on one level with the costumer enables KPMG to make further business with the client in the future. Considering both countries GDP per capita, it can be assumed that KPMG has to set their prices on the Indian price level and couldnt justify the rates, consultants are getting lend out to clients in the UK. In both countries it is really important and highly valued to receive good client feedback and reviews. That helps KPMG to stronger their brand image and to back up their reputation. KPMG needs to set completely different advertising and marketing strategies. The UK is revenue see wise as KPMGs second biggest resource, behind the US. The firm in the UK has much more disposable money to spend on advertising than India does. Interest rates, set by the Bank of England and the Reserve Bank of India, are used to manipulate the economy and to increase consumer spending. As interest rates are at a 10 year low, it allows KPMG to borrow money at a cheaper rate and enables the firm to make greater investments, such as building a new headquarter. Although the competition is very hard in both countries, KPMG in the UK has to fight with the other big three firms in the market as well as smaller consultancies, whereas in India KPMG only has to fight with the other big consultancy firms, as it is not profitable enough for smaller firms to set up a headquarter in India. P6 describe how political, legal and social factors are impacting upon the business activities of the selected organisations and their stakeholders. M3 analyse how political, legal and social factors have impacted other contrasting organisations. Political:      Ã‚   The UK and its democracy are seen as very stable. Led by the conservative party with Theresa May as prime minister, the government provides its citizens, as well as their companies a welfare state. It is safe for companies, such as KPMG to invest in future project, without having to fear to lose their assets in a civil war. India has as well as the UK a very stable government. With a six recognised national party system, India is seen as one of the most popular democracies in the world. Unlike the UK, India has to fight majorly with a fluctuate currency, the Indian rupee. That doesnt give firms such as KPMG to make big investments, because major investments in such countries are often dependent on a stable currency. Both countries are trying to reduce their poverty and lift up their GDP per capita rates. India has difficulties with that, as the countryside is hugely dependent on its primary goods. It is very difficult to reduce its primary product dependency. Investing into states wi th high property is unlike for KPMG and many other big companies, as those countries are seen as too little educated. The UK has a fantastic infrastructure. London has 5 airports, which outlines excellent transport links to the capital. The government is planning to introduce the HS2 railway, which will enable KPMGs commuters to travel more efficient. India has a great and massively infrastructure, however big problems in the countryside. Monsoons and floods are natural disasters, which makes it difficult for the government to improve those transport links. Brexit has been the most recent political event that has happened to the UK and the long-term effect is still uncertain. The short-term effect was tremendous, according to the Bank of England; it was the lowest exchange to the Euro since the financial crisis, with a record low of 1 Euro to 1,09 Pound. The newspaper stated it as a disaster, but 8 months after the referendum how does it actually look. The Fin-tech industry with company such as TransferWise, is booming since the referendum. London is the capital of start-up companies in Europe and is close to overtaking Los Angeles and San Francisco. Major banks have stated their forecasts that the UK is unsafe to invest in the near future as a reason of fluctuating exchange rates, but so far there is no remarkable outcome. But to every sunny side, there is a rainy one too. The property firm Frank Knight, for example said that due to the Brexit referendum, foreign investors backed off trading deals because of the uncertainty. The house prices, according to the telegraph, The fall in house prices forecast for 2017 will bring prices back to what they were in the first quarter of 2016, is going to fall. The UKs infrastructure is spot on, great transport links between major cities and a free NHS, which allows everyone access to health care. Every year the government spends 142 billion pounds on the NHS. The Brexit referendum promised that the weekly 150 million pounds given to the EU would go straight to the funding of new roads and the health sector. Pharmaceutical industries, such as Novartis are taking profits from the NHS as the government is paying for all the medications. The company made revenue of 47 billion in 2014 and is still growing. On the shadow side of the NHS is the staff, such as doctors or nurses. They are getting hugely underpaid as the government is funding their salary. Long hours and too little breaks is one of the reasons for a strike once in a while. Most doctors are getting educated in the UK and then leave the country to go somewhere without a free health sector, as wages are higher. Legal: Ethnical is the UK one of the most cultural diverse countries in the world. In fact after the Second World War the UK experienced a big migration wave, were many people from the common wealth states entered the UK to seek for a better life. India experienced a human brain flight, meaning most academic families left India in the early 1950s. Well-educated Indians went abroad to take profit from the booming western economies and only saw a little chance to further proceed in the Indian society. Today, KPMG tries to employ people from all sorts of backgrounds, as diversity thrives an international operating firm forward. In general, the Asian countries are seen as competitive and efficient. From the early age, students in India get taught under high pressure and failing is inacceptable. Although, the illiterate rate in India is far higher than in the UK, as different laws keep students in full-time education till they turn 18. As Indias countryside is majorly depending on primary goods, such as cotton and Kashmir, most children need to help their parents during the harvest season and dont get a chance to attend school. KPMG offers different programs, where less privileged children from those areas get an opportunity to turn their back to those low skilled jobs. The UK gained tremendously from its common wealth states, such as India, Pakistan or Bangladesh. The economy got positively impacted from the foreigners not only because of the workforce they provide but also because of the cultural diversity. After the second world war was over, citizens from the common wealth states helped to UK shape how it is today; one of the strongest economical countries in the world. Every organization in the UK got impacted from foreigners, as they are willing to work hard in order to have a better life. Most recently, Uber is changing the whole human transport generation. Over years, taxis have been a solid rock in our society until Uber changed the whole game. Uber is an often cheaper and quicker method to get from one place to another. With fewer emissions it is an environment friendly way to travel. Uber closely works together with foreigners, as the firm believes speaking several languages helps communication with more people. No other country in Europe is as famous for take-away food as the UK. Due to the diverse culture in the UK, people from abroad brought their cultures with them and the UK grew through those different cultures. Social: The UK is seen as a fairly right wing economy, however many government policies are making the UK sliding into a more left wing economy. Providing a free health-care system and its progressive tax system is trying to reduce the social and income inequality between rich and poor. Having an increasing NMW also helps to secure the welfare of a state. KPMG is increasingly helping to close the gap between the rich and poor. The company for example is paying its low skilled workers the living wage not the national minimum wage. That gives those workers another 3 pounds on top of the NMW. India is very different in terms of welfare. Most Asian countries want to be self sufficient, therefore more left wing. However, the Indian economy is really depended on its foreign trade. Indians tax system is regressive, that often means

Uncontrollable Lifestyle Changes :: Legal Issues, Illegal Immigration

Out of the hundreds of thousand immigrants who illegally cross the border there are some who make it to America. The dream of living in America and finding work so they can support their families in Mexico can become a reality. When it becomes a reality many immigrants who make it across start to realize their stuck in America. Through generations after generations many immigrants succeed at earning money in the states and return home to enjoy their success with their families. However, others find out that America has influenced their persona and they decide to stay in America permanently. The beliefs and values they possess are still with them but hidden from the fast paced life of America. Hispanic/Latinos culture is very different from the culture in America. Coming to America has its influences on all immigrants. Situations and plans tend to fade after experiencing the in different cultures of America. Martinez (2001) writes, â€Å"Raul came to America alone to give his children a future. He just never thought about how that very future might swallow them up† (p. 235). It seems it is usually the children of immigrants who tend to be changing their beliefs because of the American influences. Most Hispanic/Latinos come to America to earn money for their families then move back to Mexico. Living in America for several years maybe even a decade can change someone. Martinez (2001) writes, â€Å"Baltazar is likely to disappoint his father and be swallowed up by an American future† (p. 277). Some Hispanic/Latinos still have the same family values from Mexico but manage to change their mind about moving back. They may think the struggle of Mexico’s economy will never change or couldn’t imagine living in those types of poverty environments again. It is like they are sacrificing their traditions and cultures to provide their children an education. Skinner (2006) writes, â€Å"The danger and concern to the U.S. are that poverty places even stronger pressures on the Mexican undereducated and unemployed to migrate north to the U.S. in search of low skill jobs and survival† (p. 7). In order to survive the only option is crossing the border illegally for some Hispanic/Latinos. In poverty stricken homes in Mexico there are not many choices for someone’s future. Education is the main attraction for immigrants who think about future purposes for their children.

Evolution of Thought Essay -- Science Biology Biodiversity Essays

Evolution of Thought It is interesting to contemplate a tangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms, so different from each other, and dependent upon each other in so complex a manner, have all been produced by laws acting around us. –Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species I knew very little about and did not have much interest in evolution, systematics and biodiversity prior to the first week of this class. The knowledge I had about these topics came from introductory courses and what I was being told by my family. I soon discovered that I had a lot to learn. I was raised in the Roman Catholic Church. I completed my First Communion and Confirmation. I grew up being told that God created all that is around us. Everything seemed so cut and dry until I began studying evolution in school. It was hard for me to try and understand both points of view initially. However, through several courses and due to my interest in science, I eventually came to my own conclusion. This conclusion however, as I found out this week, was still incorrect. I thought what I believed in was evolution. I found out this week that what I thought was evolution was in fact progressionism. Progressionism is the idea that life on Earth can be characterized by forward movement from lower to higher life forms. In the beginning of the first class we were asked to answer a few questions related to evolution and systematics. One of the questions asked what we thought the most highly evolved organism was. I had al... ...ws he defines. I do not yet completely understand the laws Darwin defines, but I know that during the course of the semester I will learn so much more than I already have as I gain a better understanding of Darwin’s words, evolution, biodiversity, the study of systematics and how they are interconnected. I do understand one thing completely now as a result of this week, however. I understand that no matter how simple or disgusting an organism may seem to me, it is amazing, beautiful, and vital to understanding evolution, systematics, and biodiversity. Works Cited Darwin, Charles. 1979 (originally published 1859). The Origin of Species. Gramercy Books. New York. Larson, Gary. 1998. There’s a Hair in My Dirt! A Worm’s Story. HarperCollins. New York. Savage, Jay M. 1995. â€Å"Systematics and the Biodiversity Crisis.† Bioscience. 45(10): 673-697.

Corporal Punishment :: essays research papers

Dear Sir, I am writing in reply to the recent publication of an item on the topic of corporal punishment. I do not agree that it is needed to bring discipline back into our schools. It is assumed that a child who has been caned would be less likely to commit another offence , but this was never proved and , in fact , one theory holds that severe corporal punishment increases the likelihood of future offences. There are better ways to discipline students than hitting them. Some parents may believe that spanking a child may be beneficial but apart from being potentially dangerous physically, it can lower their self esteem, hinder their academic abilities and may even contribute to disruptive and violent behaviour. Some pupils may feel so afraid to go to school that they are tempted to play truant. Over the past few years we have become more and more obsessive over bringing our lives into the twenty first century and now , here you are telling us that we should bring back corporal punis hment, a system which is looked upon as old fashioned ! Discipline should begin in the home . Parents have and should accept the task of instilling in their children respect for right and wrong, respect for others and all the other basic lessons of living, working, playing and learning with others. They should try to teach him to control himself and take responsibility for his actions and their consequences .Unfortunately, because some parents find it difficult to do this from infancy , the teachers role is all the more difficult. Still, restoring this rule is not the way to resolve theses difficulties. Get to children in infancy and their early years and their lives will be shaped more fully for future growth. Restoring their teachers’ power to hit them across the bottom or knuckles doesn’t fit that picture. Forget corporal punishment. Roald Dahl’s book entitled â€Å"Boy† tells about the times when corporal punishment was allowed to take place in all sc hools. A passage from the book tells of how , aged nine, Dahl was caned six times for talking during prep. Even though he had had a perfectly good excuse he got the same punishment another child would probably have got for defacing school property or stealing. I think that this reinforces my earlier suggestion that teachers may take advantage of their authority and harass pupils they may have taken a dislike to.

Dental Hygienist †Reflection Paper Essay

Abstract The convoluted way in which having good oral hygiene and how much it can impact one’s body has never lost my interest. When researching, I have read it is most common to get oral cancer And/or Periodontal Disease when not taking care of one’s self. Those are just two important things to remember when taking care of you orally. I want to have a career where I can teach people to take care of themselves and to prevent from these happening. Often times, people lean more to a career that fits only one of the traits, me on the other hand, I want a career that will not only suit me for most but have an adventure. Of course when picking a career, you focus on the pay, but the big thing is to know that you will love your job. There are so many people in this world those great jobs such as Doctors, Lawyers, and Veterinarian’s and on. You hear from most that they absolutely hate their jobs. Who wants to wake up and dread to go to work? I want to wake up and be giddy to arr ive at work. It is wonderful to think you will learn about people in all ages, ethnicity, teach them about Oral Hygiene, or refresh there memories on how important it is to keep up with it. Every time I go into get a cleaning the whole Dental practice never seizes to amaze me. Everyone is so happy and helpful. You can tell they love what they do. Although, most people wonder why one person would want to spend the rest of their life working in people’s mouths, I think of it so much more than that. It is such a neat feeling knowing you can wake up excited to do what you have dreamed about your whole life. Since being a first generation college student in my family, I had no one teach me about the simplicity of education. The one thing I know is that since high school, it is something about the medical field that interested me. I took Career Explorations and it really helped what field I wanted to go for when studying in the medical field, particularly Dental Hygiene. What really caught my eye was that you get to help people and teach them.  This is one of my best interests. One of the struggles for me was not enrolling into college straight out of high school. Over the years I have looked at it as having time in researching in which career best fits me. First, you begin to look online, on how to become a Dental Hygienist, take a look on what are the first things you must do. In Arizona, there are many Community Colleges and a University that offer prerequisites and the Dental Hygiene program such as Rio Salado, Phoenix College, Carrington College and Northern Arizona University. The lowest degree you can get in this degree is an Associate’s Degree and the highest in a Bachelors degree. Hygienists typically need an Associate’s Degree in Dental Hygiene. Bachelor’s degrees in dental hygiene are also available, but are less common. A Bachelor’s or Master’s degree is usually required for research, teaching, or clinical practice in public or school health programs. High school students interested in becoming dental hygienists should take courses in biology, chemistry, and mathematics. Some Dental Hygiene programs also require applicants to have completed at least 1 year of college. Specific entrance requirements vary by school. Most schools offer laboratory, clinical, and classroom instruction. Hygienists study anatomy, physiology, nutrition, radiography, and Period ontology, which is the study of gum disease. (BLS 2014) To become a Dental Hygienist, it takes a lot of skills to be one. The important skills to have in this job is being Detail oriented, speaking, active listening, critical thinking, judgment and decisions making, compassion, patience, multitasking skills, coordination and physical stamina. In modern world, there are so many people that couldn’t stand not going to the dentist ever again. They depend on them to keep up with the oral hygiene, clean their teeth and get X-rays. From Dental Assistants to Dental Hygienists and Dentists, they are always willing to help you. People in the dentist office always advise to you how important it is to keep up with regular cleanings at least twice a year, and brush and floss your teeth daily. If you do not take care of your teeth, it could lead to bad things like oral cancer and Periodontal Disease. The Dental Hygienists are the  ones to help you prevent these things from happening. If you ask any person in this field if they enjoy their job, I know most would say yes. There is nothing more than a better feeling wake up every day knowing you are going to help someone. Although this career takes a lot of skills and education, it is worth it in the end. Most hygienists are aware that there are ‘better’ jobs out th ere that make a good amount of money, (a lot more than theirs) they would not trade it for anything else. Of course this is why it is such a growing field. This really shows that they truly love what they do. If there are any traits or skills listed above that fits you then this may be your career of choice. Over the years since researching this field, I have learned so much from it. There is good pay, they are flexible with you if you have a family and want to work part time. I think this job is perfect for anyone honestly. This is such a dynamic job to have. There are some things you must research before going into this job. How long does it take for? you to become a Dental Hygienist, what is the pay and availability in your area, and what is the total cost of the program. Although these may be stressful things to think about, but is very important to look into these things before going into this career. (ONETOONLINE, 2014) The level degree to pursue my career of choice is Associates Degree. I plan to continue to attend Glendale Community College to achieve my prerequisites and once I’m done with those, I will be attending Phoenix College for the Hygiene program. I have heard that this is one of the best schools to attend if you are looking to get a basic and quick degree in your interest. The advantages of the program is interacting with people, learning in depth about oral hygiene, and learning how to operate the X-Ray machines. The disadvantages is not knowing if it will be a promising career, hearing from stories. Although, living in Arizona, it is a great career to get into. The average earning/wages $81,470 per year ($39.17 hourly). Where I see myself in 10 years is being very happy and content with life. I can see myself a wonderful job, being married and having a family. I see that I won’t be struggling with money and not living paycheck to paycheck. It’s never a good feelin g not knowing how come up with the money for an owed bill. I also see myself living in California. It is  pricey living there, but there is so much to do there. The Dentistry field is high in demand there, so that one positive thing to think about living there. (SALARIES-BY-THE-CITY.ORG, 2014) There are many things to think about before making this step, but it is also an exciting time in your life. You are doing this to better yourself. You are picking a career that best fits you and what YOU want to do. Not what someone else wants you to do? This is the reason why I am choosing this. I have spent many years researching and now I am more than ready to begin. It is an awesome feeling that I will be helping and teaching others. Every day I go to college, I think to myself that I am a step closer in doing what I love best. And I am so excited to be going to school and pursuing my degree in Dental Hygiene. References: Dental Hygiene Program, (2014) http://www.phoenixcollege.edu/academics/programs/dental-hygiene/award/dental-hygiene-aas Summary Report for Dental Hygienists, (2014) http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/29-2021.00 Dental Hygienists Salary and Wages, (2014) http://salaries-by-city.findthedata.org/l/7003/Dental-Hygienists Dental Hygienist Careers and Education Tracks http://www.allalliedhealthschools.com/health-careers/article/how-to-become-dental-hygienist?utm_medium=sem&utm_source=goo&utm_campaign=gen_DenHyg_ahs_gen_ns_sea_eng&utm_content=ACT-1312013-A&cid=11&KTID=54e951fc-dd0b-de88-bbb5-0000009e85f7&gclid=CLjSocH6v70CFUqUfgodNKcAMw

Marriages And Families

The formation of a family convention ally starts with the union of deuce persons through and through marriage. In a marriage, the couple sh atomic number 18s responsibilities in umteen aspects kid rearing, properties, home utility bills, taxes, and the likes. They as well as sh ar responsibilities in resolving heterogeneous problems encountered during the relationship. To almost couples, this sharing of responsibilities is what they call consignment to the relationship, a commitment to their cooperator. However, many couples virtually the world experience troubles in handling these responsibilities.Such experiences sometimes lead to their let down to the commitment they vowed to revere when they entered into the unify life. In many cases, these couples closing up file a disarticulate. break, which is sometimes consultred to as the diarrhoea of marriage, is the ending of a marriage ahead the death of each spouse. part is unc prohibitedh in many developed countri es much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the fall in States, S out(p)h Korea, Canada, as well as in countries indoors Europe, except for Malta where civil come apartment is banned.Marriage, macrocosm a legal act, should alike be acidulate through legal proceeding. In some cases, prenuptial agreements or postnuptial agreements, when applic subject, are tending(p) importance in determining the terms of disjoint. These terms refer to the rightful divide of the responsibilities which were supposed to be carried out within the marriage. In a divorced differentiate, the couple is still apt(p) to hold those responsibilities, this time through their separate efforts.A recent survey of marital lawyers in the United Kingdom revealed that the main(prenominal) causes of marriage meltdown are extra-marital affairs, scream (physical and/or rational), boredom, lack of sex, financial disagreements, alcoholic drink/drug abuse, debt, workaholism, and hobbies (Wikipedia). Religious aff iliations of married couples excessively amaze implications on divorce. For Muslims, divorce whitethorn be granted, scarce it is discouraged. Judaism, on the new(prenominal) hand, has regarded divorce as a incident of life. It generally preserves its principle that it is damp for a couple to live separately, through divorce, than live together in a life of distress and strife.The Roman Catholics take that marriage is permanent during the life of spouses. Although it allows divorce, it does non approve of remarriage subsequently a divorce if the new(prenominal) spouse is still living. This rule, however, is not observed in the Eastern Orthodox Church and many Protestant churches, where remarriage of divorcees is allowed rase with a surviving former spouse, that low genuine conditions. Mean eyepatch, Dharmic Religions are not cognizant of the concept of divorce. break in the Republic of Ireland The Republic of Ireland is mostly dwell by Catholics.In their 1937 Constitu tion, divorce was not allowed. However, in their more recent regulations, divorce in Ireland became possible under certain circumstances. Divorce in Ireland follows the rules stipulated in the 1996 Family rectitude Act . It involves a process where the avocation conditions should be met first the spouses should buzz off lived by for at least four days of the precedent five grades in that location is no reasonable prospect for propitiation and there is proper readying for the spouses and hooked electric s keeprren.The spouse who initiated the filing of divorce is called the appli buttockst, and the other is the respondent. The applicant should declare a canvasser who, before the divorce keep openings begin, impart discuss with the applicant the possibility of balancing or judicial separation as an alternative to divorce. If the tribunal sees that there is rightfully no possibility of reconciliation, trials and hearings allow proceed to discuss the terms of the pro posed divorce.During the trial menstruum, the court whitethorn wall plug rewrites relevant to the 1996 Family equity (Divorce) Act which include a synthetic rubber g overn, barring straddle, temporary barring magnitude or cheerion order an order for the shackles, access or affirm of a underage chela an order to protect the family home, its contents or any funds from its sale. The court whitethorn to a fault order either spouse to pay caution for the other spouse and any dependent children, the terms and conditions of which, the court lead subside. afterwards the divorce is granted, the court is classic to decide on the terms and conditions for the payment of maintenance of the spouse and any dependent children, talent consideration to certain conditions. The court excessively decides on the partition of assets as well as on disputes and claims on properties. claw clutches of any dependent children under the age of 18 will too be subject of court decision. Divor ce in invigorated York, USA The Divorce law of nature of new-made York initially deals with residence and filling call forments.Divorce in New York may be maintained just when the parties were married in the nation and either party is a house physician so when the action is commenced and has been a occupant for a continuous head of one course of instruction immediately preceding or the parties befuddle resided in this land as keep up and wife and either party is a resident thereof when the action is commenced and has been a resident for a continuous consummation of one year immediately preceding ort he cause occurred in the terra firma and either party has been a resident thereof for a continuous stage of at least one year immediately preceding the commencement of the action or the cause occurred in the state and some(prenominal) parties are residents thereof at the time of the commencement of the action or either party has been a resident of the state for a contin uous terminus of at least two eld immediately preceding the commencement of the action. at a lower place the Divorce Law of New York, the spouse who initiated the filing of divorce is called the plaintiff while the other is the suspect. The grounds for divorce are also spelled out in the Divorce Law of New York.This include the cruel and inhuman treatment of the plaintiff by the suspect such that the conduct of the defendant so endangers the physical or mental well being of the plaintiff as renders it unsafe or improper for the plaintiff to cohabit with the defendant the abandonment of the plaintiff by the defendant for a period of one or more geezerhood the confinement of the defendant in prison for a period of three or more consecutive old age after the marriage of plaintiff and defendant the delegating of an act of adultery, provided that adultery for the purposes of articles ten, eleven, and eleven-A of this chapter, is hereby outlined as the commission of an act of fa miliar intercourse, oral sexual conduct or anal sexual conduct, voluntarily performed by the defendant, with a person other than the plaintiff after the marriage of plaintiff and defendant the economize and wife gull lived away pursuant to a decree or judgment of separation for a period of one or more years after the granting of such decree or judgment, and satisfactory proof has been submitted by the plaintiff that he or she has substantially performed all the terms and conditions of such decree or judgment and the husband and wife have lived separate and apart pursuant to a written agreement of separation e weddings choke off in a New York divorce is not an automatic liability of either party it is rather provided on a case-to-case basis which may be agreed upon by both(prenominal) parties, or upon the discretion of the court. The court is also authorized to decide on the child custody and support to any dependent child of the divorcees.Computation for child support is bas e on the Income Share Model, in which child support is divided proportionally base on each parents income. Under the New York Divorce Law, guidelines have also been set with regard to the provision of child support. Ireland and New York Divorce Laws A Comparison Considering the fact that Irish community are mostly Catholics, divorce is relatively difficult to obtain in Ireland than in New York, which is predominated by Protestants. It may be noted that the Irish Divorce Law specifically mentions of processes that need to be undertaken to by chance settle the couple for reconciliation. As mentioned earlier, Catholics moot that marriage is permanent during the lives of the spouses.Perhaps workings within this premise, the Irish court instills in the legal process of divorce actions that should be taken by the State in order to preserve marriage, and consequently the family. This onset on the possible reconciliation of the husband and wife has no mention in the New York Divorce Law. While both laws discuss in detail the rules to concentrate by in the partition of assets and properties, as well as of responsibilities, certain conditions differ. superstar highlight is on the provision of spousal support. The Irish court obligates spousal support while the New York court does not. This judgment may be attributed to the fact that the United States of America is a developed ground while the Republic of Ireland is still in its developing stage.This implies that in the United States, both spouses are assumed to have abiding incomes and thus do not require financial support from each other. Irish couples, on the other hand, them being in a developing country, would mean needing of spousal support should their marriage be dissolved so that the spouse with less income can cope with the responsibilities left to him/her by the other. However, these two laws seemed to have dealt more on the partition of properties than on the rules on determining child custody. I n both laws, child custody is to be decided upon by the court, but no guidelines on the courts basis of its decision on the get it on were discussed.It is noteworthy to mention that in most, if not all, divorce cases, the couples children are the ones most affected. A recent theater showed that children of divorced parents have higher dominance of having behavioral problems compared to children in intact families (Wikipedia). diverse studies further revealed that the following are most of the time observed in mass from divorced families higher rates of inebriety and substance abuse occurrence of clinical depression attacks and commission or feat to commit suicide (Wikipedia). Though studies have been conducted on the effects of divorce to children, no remedy has been proven to be effectual enough to lessen the incidence of such behaviors from children of divorced parents.This brings us to another musing that the laws of Ireland and New York on divorce do not present steps t o be taken to ensure the protection of the childrens best interest. Conclusion Divorce laws commute from one country or state to another. In some parts of the world, the issue of divorce is still a egress of debate whether to approve granting of it or not. For married couples who have become unhappy in their marriage, divorce is seen as an answer to end their distress. To others, it is viewed as a way to turn backs against marital problems. Many other arguments have cropped up about the issue of divorce. Depending on a persons beliefs and biases, these arguments may be valid to some, while to others they are not.The varying rules of Ireland and New York on divorce have been put into law base on the needs and beliefs that each state deem are applicable to their single people. It is good to note that both laws have particularly specified various scenarios that may occur after during divorce transactions and after the divorce has been granted, and have spelled out how issues and disputes will be resolved. However, the laws have cogitate more on the resolution of disputes over assets and properties. Issues on child custody and support also need to be discussed in a more in abstrusity manner so that the childrens eudaimonia is also assignn equal importance. In fact, childrens welfare should have been given highest priority since the greatest effects of divorce is manifested in the behavior of affected children.Although it has been express that the child custody and support will be decided upon by the court, it is also imperative that specific rules be spelled out on what the court will give primary considerations to with respect to these issues. It may also be useful, though not in so far scientifically proven, to include rules on procedures that the children will have to undertake to be able to cope with the aftereffects of divorce. We do not doubtfulness the authority and integrity of these courts in their decisions on child custody and support. What is being seek is the clear definition of the law on how child custody is decided upon. In addition, it is also better to see in these laws the specific measures that the court may order for implementation that will lessen, or by chance prevent, the occurrence of adverse behaviors of children whose parents have divorced.