Radioactive Isotopes

Radioactive Isotopes An isotope is one of two or more atoms with the same number of protons, and position in the periodic table, but different number of neutrons and physical properties. Isotopes have an unstable nucleus that decay suddenly by a release of nuclear electrons and radiation. This essay will be discussing one of the applications and uses of the radioactive isotopes, and it will also state one problem that radioactive isotopes can address. The radiation characteristically meet four kinds: alpha radiation, beta radiation, gamma radiation and x radiation.Alpha radiation is weighty, that includes a very-short variety element and is in fact a homeless helium nucleus. Some examples of alpha radiation are radium, radon, uranium, and thorium. Beta radiation is weightless, has short-range particles and is in fact a cast out electron; some examples of beta radiation are strontium -90, carbon-14, tritium, and sulphur-35. Gamma and x radiation are extremely incisive electromagnetic rays. One of the problems I’ll be discussing and is actually solved by radioactive isotopes is a cancer cell.Radiation therapy draws on high-energy radiation to damage on cancer cells by damaging their DNA, unfortunately it can also damage normal cells, so as a result the treatment must be circumspectly designed to reduce side effects. X rays offers huge advantages, counting the previous discovery of cancer and the opportunity of premature action, their use is linked with minute improves in cancer danger. In attendance the agreement vision is the profit of showing women over 50 years old, ignorantly prevail over the associated risks due to radiation experience.Typical effective doses from diagnostic medical exposures in the 1990s Diagnostic procedure | Typical effective does in millisieverts | Equivalent number of chest x-rays| Approximate equivalent period of natural background radiation (1)| X ray examination: -| Limbs and joints (except hip)|

Mastering listening

There are five basic senses that human beings have in order to perceive society and in order to interact with one’s surroundings.   The sense of touch is often the way to feel what an object is like.   The sense of sight is the manner by which human beings perceive their environment.   The sense of smell is another way of getting acquainted with the world because it allows one to get a whiff of the air in one’s environment.   Another sense is that of taste which allows man to savor the delicacies that are available in the world.   Finally, and perhaps the most underrated of all senses, the sense of hearing by which a person can hear about what goes on in the world. The sense of touch is a great gift because with it a person can feel what objects are like and it allows people to differentiate between textures and feels.   The sense of smell is another wonderful gift because it allows people to have an olfactory experience that introduces man to the many scents of nature.   The sense of sight is also very useful for without it a lot of what man has right now would never have been invented. The sense of taste is also an amazing gift because it allows people to taste the wonderful foods that are available in the world.   While all of these senses have their own advantages, it is only the sense of hearing that allows a person to know how another person is feeling.   It is the only sense that allows a person to find out what is happening in another part of the world.   It can actually see farther than our eyes and allow us to know accurately what goes on in other places. The gift of hearing and the skill of listening is a talent that many people disregard or take for granted.   Not many people realize that the way to find the window into the soul of another is not through any of the other senses except the sense of hearing.   By listening to another person and allowing that person to bare his or her soul, one can learn so much more about another and arrive at a better, deeper and more complete understanding of who the person really is. The intricacies of the soul are revealed when one actually listens to another.   It has been established at this point that the sense of hearing is actually a very important sense as it is the main way by which a person can listen to another.   The next question that must be addressed is the relevancy of listening as a skill. All the senses of the human body are designed to do one thing, receive input that the brain will eventually process.   The listening, as a manner of exercising the sense of hearing, is a manner by which a person is able to gain input with regard to his surroundings and more importantly other people.   People communicate mainly through speech. While there are some traits, feelings, emotions and thoughts that can be conveyed through other means, the primary mode of communicating still remains to be through speech and the only way of understanding speech is by listening.   Communication is the method by which people interact with others.   It involves not only an exchange of ideas but also involves a certain degree of trust or confidence.   That is the reason why listening is so relevant because it allows people to communicate with each other.   Speaking is but one part of the communication process.   The other part is listening. There is certainly no doubt that listening is a skill that many people are capable of doing but is sadly something that not everyone does.   While most humans are equipped with the sense of hearing, there are still those who can hear but cannot listen.   They may be able to hear every single word that has been said to them but they cannot always be considered as listening.   The next question that must be asked is how one can actually listen or become a better listener. Listening is not simply nodding one’s head and hearing what another person is saying but requires that a person actually pay careful attention to the words of another.   It requires that the listener to do more than just absorb whatever the speaker has to say but in certain instances requires that the listener react in such a way as to encourage the speaker to bring out more.   Listening is a way of reassuring the speaker that there is somebody for him to talk to who listens to him.   It is a way of communicating various feelings to another person without the use of words. In order to become a good listener or to develop one’s listening skills, it is not important that the person is genuinely interested in the other or what the other has to say since the purpose of communication and listening is indeed to come to a better understanding of another person.   The thing that is required in order to develop good listening skills is in being able to know when to simply just â€Å"shut up and listen.†Ã‚   There is a certain timing that is needed in listening because listening may often be confused with boredom or disinterest by certain people.   One has to know when to simply just nod one’s head or smile instead of opening one’s mouth to say something.   This is the most important step at becoming a good listener. It is hard to imagine a world where nobody actually listened or paid any attention to other people.   It would probably be a sad world filled with the endless monologue from the unending conversations of people who have nobody to listen to them.   The people of the world would arguably be much sadder too since there would be nobody to listen to their problems or help them vent their frustrations. It is not hard to see just how important the skill of listening is.   It is also thankfully not hard to become a better listener.   The next time somebody says something, try not to respond right away.   Think, learn and feel first and by doing do listening to what the other has to say.   If man had learned this skill earlier, think of all the wars and bloodshed that mankind could have avoided by simply listening to what the other had to say.

Adinkra

The very essence of the word ‘Adinkra’ is ‘farewell’; as such, every symbol that is encapsulated in the whole body of Adinkra communicates or corresponds to a unique message or idea. Documented history has it that, as far back as the nineteenth century, unique Adinkra symbols were used in customary and traditional rites of society to depict the ideological stance of that society as regards to the ceremony or event in question. The art was showcased in various forms during festivals, funerals, marriages among others. Today, the use of Adinkra has been widely extended to cover almost every facet of life. In recent times, Adinkra symbols have become a suitable choice of branding the modern, competitive, and trendy Ghanaian clothing lifestyle. Over the years, Adinkra has gone beyond traditional cloth-making designs and has been fashionably incorporated into the designing of t-shirts, buttons, linen fabric clothes. Today, young people would prefer t-shirts with screen-printing inscriptions like ‘Me firi Ghana’, with an Adinkra like ‘Gye Nyame’ boldly designed beneath. Indeed, some acclaimed Ghanaian fashion designers like Mawuli Okudzeto, Kofi Ansah among others, have received international recognition by carving such niches for themselves, with popular brand names like MKOGH and PKOG, just to mention a few. Beyond that, apparels like footwear have also had a taste of Adinkra art. Artisans who make local footwear like sandals, slippers and ‘ahenema’ have also included these symbols in their designs. For instance, a locally made ‘ahenema’ has a carefully designed Adinkra symbol of three concentric rings encircling each other, known as ‘adinkrahene’ at the nose of each slipper. One other art is the design of bags with Adinkra symbols woven or sewn on the surface with fabric, (often kente pieces). The most popular addition to this art collection is the use of these designs in making jewellery and other fashion accessories. It is popular to see rings, pendants, earrings, necklaces, anklets, beads and many others designed with symbols like ‘ohene aniwa’, ‘epa’, ‘nkonsonkonson’, etc. In Ghana, the Precious Mineral Marketing Company (PMMC) is a typical example of an enterprise in this regard. Thus, on the international stage, Adinkra symbols have been employed as one of, if not the best indigenous symbols that give all manner of clothing, a unique fashion identity easily recognisable as truly Ghanaian. Quite apart from clothing, these symbols have formed part of locally designed fine and visual art. This has been such that, in creation of several Ghanaian sculptures, Adinkra has been one of the most recognisable themes. There many instances of metal and wooden sculpture designed into Adinkra. More often than not, these visual and fine arts have been used by individuals for decorative purposes. It is now commonplace to see a wall hanging in someone’s home, at the lobby of a corporate institution or in the sitting area of an afro-centric restaurant with the caption ‘welcome’ and a popular symbol like ‘Gye Nyame’ underneath it. Without a shred of doubt any Ghanaian who sees this in any institution in any distant part of the world, feels quite homey and comfortable, to some extent, immediately. Moreover, the designs of wooden plaques lately have also adopted Adinkra symbols. For instance, African institutions of late present Adinkra-designed plaques to individuals and entities, as gifts and awards for splendid performances. Woodcarvers as at today, still design stools for domestic as well as traditional purposes with these popular symbols. In Akan traditional homes, stools often known as ‘asesedwa’ are carved out of wood with these designs. Today as a unique of catching up with the west, local artisans have modernized their design of home furniture placed in areas like the living room, dining room and the study. Beautiful and attractive-looking sets are being carved daily. A common example is wooden coffee-table, which has an Adinkra symbol like ‘sankofa’ at the base with a glass plane on the surface. Hence it is ordinary to see the prolific use of Adinkra in fine and visual art because of the inherent artistic merits they possess. In present day, the use of symbols for trademarks and emblems cannot be over-emphasized. In corporate branding and marketing, many institutions have resorted to the use of symbols, both tactile and visual, as a mark of exclusivity and Adinkra are symbols of no exception. There are countless examples of institutions of all sorts who have adopted these symbols as logos, emblem, etc. In Ghana, for instance, a corporate institution like HFC Bank uses the symbol ‘ebankese’ as its corporate logo. Interestingly, Vodafone Ghana has designed their recharge cards such that whichever denomination has a long strip Adinkra symbols in front of the card. A popular plastics company by name ‘Strong Plast Ltd’ also uses the popular symbol, ‘Gye Nyame’ as a brand name for its plastic chairs. A very popular flour mill also uses ‘sankofa’ as the brand name of it flour. On a lighter side, along the coastal area it is fun to see fishermen decorate their canoes with these symbols as an interesting way of ownership.

Michigan history3 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Michigan history3 - Research Paper Example was centrally meant for the mission issues, but was later adopted for settlement because it played as a dynamic sport for accessibility by either stream, through Saint Josephs River and by the trail of canoes. It was also a dominant center for commercial trade. Michigan’s were believed to be prominent Detroit film makers, but most of their vast regions were also associated with arts culture and business. Being cosmopolitan regions, they also practice much of assimilation with their neighbors. Despite this, the inhabitants still preserver their heritage. Because the sport of choice in this region was accustomed by rivers, Michigan practiced fishing as a way of sustainability and mining also became a basic practice due to presence of salt. Michigan lies in a distinct zone of peninsular. Its most upper region had been covered by forests while the other lower region was basically meant for settlement. Most of their lands were dominantly associated with the issues of business, agriculture and the practice of mining. Because of the thriving rivers, fishing has also not been left

English Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

English Literature - Essay Example Moreover, most of these items are military artifacts, and during this time in history, Mercia was expanding through battle into the neighboring kingdoms. The Hoard Staffordshire Hoard is an assembly of artifacts that are mostly gold and silver metalwork. Most of these items have been identified with military. There are, therefore, no domestic-related objects such as eating utensils, vessels, and feminine jewelry. There are specialized words that are important in understanding the artifacts. One of these words is archaeology. This is a term that is used to refer to the scientific study of humanity. It is primarily concerned with environmental data, material culture, and analysis (Keynes 350). Archaeologist is another important word in this aspect. It refers to a person who studies people’s behavior in the past and the things left behind. Anthropology as a specialized word in understanding artifacts refers to the study of people’s past and present in the attempt to understand the complexity of cultures across the human history. A fourth specialized word is hoard, which, in archaeology, refers to a gathering of artifacts o r valuable objects, sometimes buried in the ground. The exhibitions in this hoard are arranged in a way that more than forty star items, including the Biblical inscription, pectoral cross, and the seahorse are set to display. In my opinion, this arrangement is made to give the visitor a summary of the items in the hoard in a single look. To me as a visitor, I found this arrangement interesting to look, since I was able to see all the artifacts within the hoard. There are different items that were used in the past, with different social functions. For instance, the Biblical inscription evidences that, religion was a cultural factor in the past. Moreover, the presence of war tools shows that the society fought as a way of defending itself. A Gold Pommel is one of the objects found in the Anglo-Saxon hoard. The pommel was either of

Theories and thesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theories and thesis - Essay Example All these different criminal patterns develop their own financial, social and political bases of strength and power (Varese, 2010). The problems presented by organized crimes The problems of examining organized crime start when the analysis of the threats, risks, sizes and impacts prevails. Also, determining the illegal markets and money laundering by the organized gang is difficult to estimate (Varese, 2010). These problems are difficult to handle because they involve measuring exceeding many different things and too many political issues engage in organized crime and gangs. There is also a remarkably thin line between the legitimate and illegitimate markets; thus, the size of one market overlaps partially with the other. The organized crimes are also grouping and fragmenting themselves; they are like a mutating gene and any estimate will not bring about the necessary results (Mallory, 2011). Organized criminal activities are also difficult to prosecute. This is because some of the crimes are expensive to investigate and involve even nations. Some crimes are also not prohibited in some nations that might be neighboring. These crimes can spill over if there is loose border protection. As a result of appreciation in the community where they operate, most of the organized crimes receive protection from the law enforcers (Varese, 2010). Most countries also have not developed strategic management and prosecution laws to stop the emergence, development and growth of organized crime. The Relationships between Organized Crimes Illegal crime groups usually join hands to ensure that they thrive. These relationships formed with each other can be dissolved any time, and new affiliations crafted. Each group can even break down to smaller operating units, totally independent from the previous ones. The organized gangs like Black Disciples adjust their operations to allow another gang smuggling guns to use their system. This arrangement allows the gun smugglers to sell the g uns at a discounted price to Black Disciples (Mallory, 2011). The mafia also provides sharp- shooters, hit men, and enforcers to other branches or other groups at a price. This covers-up the crime and makes it difficult to be traced to the offender. Organized crime also ensures enormous benefit to the community involved. They organize parties or charity work to show that they benefit and give back to the society in exchange for the crimes they commit. The Black Disciples used to keep black money to the black people in the black market (Varese, 2010). The leadership of the organized crime also ensured that the group activities involve politicians in the city involved. This is to keep the organized crime in a position where they can do their work. The organized criminal gangs provide money, and the willing officers agree to protect them by either allowing their operation or destroying the evidence. Legal Limitations associated with combating organized crimes Most governments have trie d to combat organized crime by enacting laws that prevent, prohibit and discourage organized crimes. Prosecution of organized crime has also posed a problem to law enforces. An example is the inability of the Federal Government to sentence Al Capone for selling alcohol during prohibition and instead jailing him for averting income tax (Albanese, 2010). The Federal Governm

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS - Assignment Example These incentives provide new revenue opportunities for Acme in the United States. Countries in the EU that can provide these incentives are backed by the strong power of the euro currency and it also creates a linkage between other European countries that are already developed with a quality infrastructure for manufacturing and distribution. Being able to rely on these networks and existing business expertise makes JEL Industries a much better option than trying to work from the ground-up at DBC Industries outside of the EU. The strong euro has also provided developing countries in the European Union with knowledge of metallurgy, motor vehicles, glass production and heavy machinery production (Weidenbaum). Therefore, if Acme desires ample raw materials or the ability to select from a skilled labor pool of talented individuals, the EU is the most vital option for long-term growth and security for the business. Further, the value of the U.S. dollar is currently falling compared to the euro, therefore there are some cost advantages to selecting JEL Industries over DBC Industries. When consumers or industrial buyers make purchases of Acme products, they are using currency that will provide a higher profit. Why is this? The business can establish a higher pricing policy on its products to offset the costs of operations and/or distribution, and when the exchange between the EU and the U.S. dollar occurs, there will be more profit than if the products were sold domestically. Because the EU value is relatively stable, there is not the concern of sudden economic collapse that might occur with a more self-contained currency outside of the European Union. Thus, for profit purposes, JEL Industries is the recommended choice. Because more communications occur between EU partners, there will be less long-term costs associated with

Myth as a Precursor to History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Myth as a Precursor to History - Essay Example History is something different altogether, history is not used to explain natural phenomenon's or uncover aspects of daily life. History is fact that typically cannot be augured. It has evidence, it is fact. Ken Dowden states "History is what myth isn't.What history tells is true or else it would not be history, only failed history. What myth tells us is in some way false or it would be history"2 Myths can be said to have graduations of credibility, Dowden uses the example of the myth of Athena being born from Zeus head and compares it to Agamemnon's expedition to Troy to show that there are different levels of credibility in myth. As obviously there was never a women born from a man's head. Yet it is suggested that there was a Trojan War and Agamemnon's expedition to Troy has a place in history. In the example of Dowdens, we can see that myth can be a herald to history, as many believed that Homer's epic poem, The Iliad, was based not on a historical reality, but on mythical heroes. Heinrich Schliemann held a different view, believing in Homers war, he combined studies of Homeric text and fieldwork and published observations about Mycenae and the location of Troy in 1869.Although Schlie mann's arcelogical techniques were brought under criticism by many, ("Schliemann's excavations at Troy were not a good model of archaeological technique. Only solid structures were noticed and recorded, and they were rapidly demolished to reveal earlier features."3) Schliemann's aim was to identify the geographic setting of Homers Iliad only from literature and he brought the Greek Bronze Age and its antecedents to light for the first time. Not content with his identification of Troy, he also dug at Mycenae and revealed an unknown prehistoric civilization. The Japanese creation myth started out with the earth being a formless void of nothing but muddy water. From that water a green shoot sprung and inside it was the first god, who made all the other gods. Out of all he created though, Izagami and Izanami were the most perfect. The islands of Japan were formed when Izagami poked his staff through the clouds to see what was on the surface of the earth. As he lifted the staff from the muddy water, clumps of mud fell on top of the water and formed into the islands of Japan. The pair went down to the earth, and everywhere they went, flowers and plants sprouted. They had four children. One was the sun, one was the moon, one lived in the water and created storms and such, and from the fourth, the line of the emperors of Japan was established. In the Egyptian creation myth, most of the details are very similar to the Japanese myth. The world starts out covered in water, from one god all the others are created, and two of the gods, Osiris and Isis, sort of led all the rest. From them came all the rulers of Egypt, just like how in the Japanese myth Izanami and Izagami had a child who eventually had a child who was the first emperor of Japan. In the African origin myth of how leopards became spotted, the leopard invites fire over for dinner.  

QI Initiative On Reducing Nosocomial Infections In Wards Essay

QI Initiative On Reducing Nosocomial Infections In Wards - Essay Example NHSN is a public health surveillance system that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) supports for its healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevention program (Dudeck, et al, 2013). Standardized Infection Ratio (SIR) is the National metric used to make comparisons of an observed number of nosocomial infections in the entire US during a particular period with the national baseline experiences. For instance, the 5 year National Prevention Target which ends in 2013 stands at a 50% reduction in Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLBSI) in both intensive care unit (ICU) and wards located patients. This figure translates to a National Standardized Infection Ratio (SIR) for CLABSI=0.5. In other words, the national benchmark for nosocomial infections is SIR=0.5 as at 2013. It is noteworthy that SIR is often adjusted based on a number of the predictor of CLABSI, which include teaching status, location type, central line utilization, and bedside. The SIR data is vital in the sense that it indicates whether the infection rate is better, worse, or at the national benchmark. ... After exclamations about the fate of the large patient population who were seen to be ailing frequently from infections, the issue was finally brought to the attention of the top managers of the organization as well as clinicians. There was a final consensus among all the stakeholders that the rate of infections was too high and thus the need for immediate response to contain the situation and finally bring the rates below average numbers. The problem of hospital-acquired infection looks solvable though it remains a nagging problem not only to Clinix but also to most hospitals across the globe. Nosomica infections are undoubtedly a major burden on all of us. They claim the significant number of lives as well as a large amount of money. A large number of patients succumb to such nosocomial infections from time to time and our management team did not want our cherished clients to form part of that unfortunate statistics. The infection rate of SIR=2.9 was alarming for the stakeholders a nd as such, the entire management team felt the entrenched need to reduce infection rates in the wards making it a priority for the organization. According to the previous rates recorded by the organization concerning Nosocomial infections, the past two years have recorded the highest infection rates, which stood at SIR=2.1 and 2.4 respectively. In fact, there was great concern that if this issue is not addressed in good time then there was the likelihood of higher prevalence in the future.  Ã‚  

Kite Runner Essay Essay Example for Free

Kite Runner Essay Essay Khaled Hosseini’s kite runner has many themes that are significant. This book also has themes that are hidden to the reader, to find these themes the reader needs to think about the events that occur in the book. In this book redemption, discrimination, and violence play a big role in the events in this book. Redemption is one of the most important themes in the kite runner. Throughout the story, Amir is trying to redeem himself because of many events that he was a part of. In the begging of the story Rahim Khan calls Amir and tells him â€Å"There is a way to be good again. † (Page 2) Putting this in the first chapter of the story tells the reader many things about Amir, it could tell us that Amir has done many things that he regrets, or he has done things that caused pain to someone else. Amir’s mother dies when she is giving birth to him, throughout the story Amir tries many different things to redeem himself to his father. When Amir wins the kite competition he thinks that he would finally redeem himself for his mothers death. Amir thinks that he redeems himself because â€Å"A smile played down on my father’s lips. He opened his arms† (Page 79) When someone does this someone will automatically think that you redeemed yourself to that person. Another event that Amir does that he redeems himself for later is when he blackmails Hassan. Amir’s father gives him a watch and Amir decides to put it under Hassan’s pillow. Later when Amir’s father finds out that he took his watch he forgives him, but Ali (Hassan’s father) says that they make the decision to leave. To the near end of the book, when Amir goes back to Afghanistan, he receives a letter from Hassan. The letter tells him that he (Hassan) died, and that he has a son that it taken by the Taliban. Amir tells Farid (The person who takes Amir around in Afghanistan) about Sohrab, and he tells him â€Å"You have a visa to go to America, to life with me and my wife. It’s true. I promise† (Page 355) When Amir found out that he lost his best friend he went through a lot of trouble to get Sohrab. Amir could have avoided this if he did not frame Hassan. If Amir did not frame Hassan, Hassan and Ali could have fled the country with Amir and his father. This event has a big impact on the events in the story. Without these examples of redemption, it is hard to picture the book ending in the way that it did. Along with many other themes, discrimination is one of the less discussed themes in this book. In my opinion I think that discrimination should be a theme that should be as important as any other theme. Discrimination plays a big role in the kite runner because of the structure of the social classes. In the begging of the story we know that Hassan is Amir’s Hazara but later we know that he is Amir’s brother. When Amir won the kite competition Hassan went to get the winning the kite. Hours had passed and Hassan did not show up. Amir goes looking for him and he asks Omar (only involved in one paragraph) if he saw Hassan, Omar answers him by saying â€Å"Your Hazara? † (Page 68) without saying more than two sentences, we can see that people in the class with Hassan are treated with no respect and they are called Hazaras. Another event that happens when Hassan finally finds the kite that allowed Amir to win the competition he is surrounded by Assef and his gang. Assef is one of the biggest discriminators towards Hazaras as he is intimidating Hassan, he says, â€Å"A loyal Hazara, Loyal as a dog† (Page 72) When Hassan said this he could of compared Hassan to something else, but he picked a dog to show the most disrespect towards Hassan. In my own opinion I think that discrimination towards Hazaras in Kabul is horrible because they are treated as if they are a different race of people. Hazaras have the exact physical features as any average human being but they are treated like they are slaves. This is how discrimination, which is one of the themes that is not talked about a lot, is significant in this book. Violence is also one of the themes that are not discussed as much, violence should be because it is important and it is hidden. There are many examples that show violence in the book. One of the examples that show violence is when Hassan gets raped when Assef and his gang surround him. The author does not tell the reader that Hassan got raped but instead he makes Wali, one of the members of Assef’s gang, tell Assef â€Å"My father says it’s sinful† (Page 75) This is a indirect message to inform the reader that Hassan gets raped. This is one great example that violence plays a big role in the process of this book. Assef could of threated Hassan instead of raping him. In my opinion I think that he could not have done something that wasn’t related to violence. Assef wanted to have his revenge on Hassan but it was hard to do something that has nothing to do with violence. Later on in the book, when Amir and Hassan do not talk to each other after Hassan got raped for him over a kite. Hassan asked if he could go under the pomegranate tree and let Amir read a story for him. When Amir and Hassan were under the pomegranate tree, Hassan asked Amir what he was doing wrong so he could stop, Amir told him that Hassan should stand up for himself. Hassan did not answer and Amir started to throw pomegranates on Hassan, Amir then told him â€Å"Hit me back! Hit me back goddamn you† (Page 92) this is another great example that shows the violence that is included in the book. Hassan is the most loyal person in the book and Amir does not appreciate it; instead Amir wants Hassan to hit him with a pomegranate. When Hassan stands up, he then smears a pomegranate on his face and walks away. This is how violence plays a theme in the book. It is not as visible as the other themes in the book but it is as significant as the other themes. Redemption, discrimination, and violence are themes in Khaled Hosseini’s kite runner that play a big role in the book. Without these three themes it is hard to picture if the book would end up the way that it actually ended up being. Quotes and Information taken from Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini.

An Analysis Of Internet Businesses

An Analysis Of Internet Businesses The reason for writing this essay is to discuss The Advantages and Disadvantages of conducting business on the Internet in the Twenty First Century. In the Twenty First century the advantages and the disadvantages of the use of the Internet is tremendous worldwide. There is enormous benefit to achieve when conducting a business on the Internet. You may ask why I should invest on the Internet. It is to your advantage to invest wisely. It allows access 24/7 and 365 days a year, therefore, no need to hire office helpers for shift or normal working hours, people will visitors your website since there are computers with Internet access, which they can use to gain access the website at anytime anywhere. On the other while there are advantages on the Internet for business to do well, there can also be some inauspicious situation or circumstances. No physical contact, such as no eye contact, no face to face communication, products sometime, ordered might be damaged or loss, during delivered, no way of knowing until it is received, as a result loss of time and productivity. Chaotic Most people who organize, operate, and assume a business venture on the Internet know it can be chaotic and disappointing sometime. Nonetheless, with sufficient communication most businesses can gain much benefit from advertising on the Internet and minimize the disadvantage risk that comes along with it. On the other hand, it may prove to have the buying or selling power that produces a relatively constructive position. Services Many services are now provided on the internet such as banking online, I have not gone into the bank for a while, Ive done all my banking online such as paying my college fees. When I am travelling I purchased all my tickets online that usually cost less than if I purchased it off-line. I am using the internet for just about everything it is a great tool. Nevertheless as Buchannan writes one of the advantages it is easy to set up and lead users from one place to the next in a logical manner. The disadvantage is that data is relatively easy to tap into and possible changed.  [1]   Low Cost Internet communication provides the advantage of lower estimate and storing costs, comparing to printing posters, making a radio or television broadcasting or, supporting a media center. It allows good deal consideration for entering new buying or selling. Internet information is ageless the advertisement also make available the advantage of being lasting.  [2]   It allows volunteered playing an important part to examine carefully the goods and the services and leave notes for others to use. It is cost effective; compare the costs of sending out physical mailing to 25,000 addresses, with the costs of an e-mailing to 250.000 e-mail addresses. Reproduction at zero cost Whether 1,000 visitors come to your site or 25,000, the increased cost is marginal.  [3]   Blogging In all likelihood, we have heard about, blogging one might want to know what is it? What helpful or useful benefits will my business derive from it? A blog is an abbreviation for web log and they are web notes containing up-to-date information on hot issues among the Internet community what. It is also an important Search Engine Marketing tool as it is increasingly used to promote online businesses. Having a blog helps your website get better rankings in the search engines.  [4]   When you want to design a blog it is important to set a clear goal with a reasonable purpose in mind. Select a theme that will be beneficial to your website in the long run, and to the people who visit your website. Provide current, relevant and essential topics. Ask for the reason, cause, or purpose? Ask yourself why blogging would be of help to my business on the Internet. Because it offers excellent search engine tools that can make the search engines, perform at a greater speed, and make the website communicate to your all customers and other business. In fact other bloggers will transmit customers to your sit without cost; it gives your site a good chance for success. June 2005, eBay It is known that the Internet attract more shoppers for goods and services, June 2005, eBay, the Worlds online marketplace, occupied the 5th position in the USA top 10 parent companies with a unique audience of 39,468.000 (Nielsen/Net Ratings) The e-learning sector will grow from $10.3 billion in 2002 to $83.1 billion in 2006, and eventually swelling to over $212 billion by 2011 (Consultant Brandon-Hall) E-commerce transactions in 2005 will reach $168 billion and $316 billion in 2010. These estimates include travel, which is typically the biggest e-commerce sales driver. Excluding travel, e-commerce is expected to grow 14 percent in 2005 (Forrester Research) The online travel industry will double its revenues in the next three years, from $38 billion in 2004 to more than $80 billion in 2007 eMarketer.  [5]   The Internet is now known as low cost and most adequate sales tool around, because of link to the Internet, compare to other business. You have a chance to grow your business successful on the Internet with the right type of Internet promoting fundamentals symbol of principles promotion and decent activities According to Real Time Statistics for Measuring Success of Promotion Campaign the most important advantages of Internet advertisement is that its successful and can be seen.  [6]  Buyers, and sellers use program that give immediate results. Some promotion, give visitors the ability to determine the significant of an advertise product. Which allow the customer to evaluate what is good for them and, also allow time for them to make changes of what they buy and how they it. Steve Here is a man by the name of Steve proclaiming in his own words that working from home via the Internet he received unexpected benefit Steve is a 47-year-old father with two boys, Thomas 16 Jack 12. Ive always been the main breadwinner in our household and a little while ago, received notice that the factory for which I managed Health Safety was to close. As our children were both at critical stages of their education we decided to stay in the area and look for work locally. Id always wanted to work for myself and luckily came across the Community Times business. After attending a seminar at their HQ. I quickly realized that the business would not only suit me but would also have benefits to the whole family. I get to work from home, spend more time with my family, watch my boys play football and earn more than ever whilst being in full control of my familys destiny.  [7]   It has being proven there are disadvantages of managing a business on the Internet. Challenge in verifying authenticity records, advertising on the web, challenge for the business and costumers to perform a complete analysis to determine the genuineness of a transactions. As a result most small businesses are open to attack by larceny, with stolen credit cards and stolen information to do online transaction. With Internet credit card and identity fraud on the rise, small businesses are forced to finance costly security measures to reduce their vulnerability to fraudulent transactions.  [8]   Other unfavorable condition isolation no physical contact with buyers therefore more sales opportunity is lost. Enterprise is forced to choose advertising method in order to lure back customers to the website. Nevertheless, the advantages surpass the disadvantages. With sufficient understanding, enterprise can gain to profit from Internet advertisement, particularly those owners small business. Conclusion The Internet is a very effective. It has many advantages; on the other hand, it also has its disadvantages too.

Movie: The Last Supper Essay -- Last Supper Film Movie Movies Essays

Movie: The Last Supper   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Last Supper, by Dan Rosen, supposedly dares to take on deep subjects in a vein of sarcastic humor. But, what it says is that liberals, because of their belief, have the right to pass death sentences on opponents. The story was amusing at times and there was some comedy in the film, but it didn't really go anywhere. The most famous actor in the film was Mark Harmon, and they showed him for about one minute, before he got killed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie takes place in Ames, Iowa. The film is about five liberal graduate students living together, (three males and two females) that enjoy inviting different guest over every Sunday for dinner. The students indulge their sense of superiority by inviting those that they regard as being less enlightened. They enjoy having different types of discussions dealing with all different types of topics. Their first guest that we see, ends up being a trucker who gives one of the five students a lift home because his car broke down. They invite the trucker in to eat, because they had an extra seat at the table and their originally invited guest could not make it for dinner. The trucker ends up being an anti-Semite and he is also an ex-marine. Immediately after the trucker sits down at the table to eat he starts pointing out to the five students that he hates Jews and that they always try to bargain down anything that they buy. All five of the students are stunned by the remarks that the trucker is making, especially one of the students that is Jewish. They all get into a heated argument and the trucker goes out of control; in addition, he grabs the Jewish student and puts a knife to his throat. They are all shocked by this and they immediately attempt to calm the trucker down. He releases the Jewish student and then breaks an arm of another student who was trying to free the Jewish student. The Jewish student picks up a butcher's knife and stabs the trucker in the back, which eventually kills the trucker. At this point the movie picks up a little. They all begin to contemplate about what to do with the body. They decide on burying the body in the back yard. They said it would cause a lot of problems if they contacted the police. They all agreed at this time that killing the trucker was only good for society. After they had buried the trucker they all sat down and the... ...dents drink and they all die. Nicola Machiavelli had a very interesting theory about his belief in having power, "By any means necessary." That is exactly what these liberal students did in order for them to have happiness. I think that in society most of us try to follow the Machiavellian theory on trying to do anything and everything possible in order for ourselves to survive. Machiavelli hoped that, "by helping the Prince rule more effectively, he might help Italy achieve the greatness he hoped for." Machiavelli believed that he didn't need to be appointed leader to run things in Italy back then. These student are the same, they believed that through killing off these few people that they thought were a danger to society, that it was going to make a difference in our government. Maybe it's a good thing that Machiavelli wasn't the actual leader of Italy, because if these five liberal students were leaders of this country we would have nothing but chaos. I think that this film probably would have made more money as a b ook and not a film. Sources Cited Nicola Machiavelli information was located on the Internet at http://rhf.bradley.edu/~liberty/mach.html.

The Himba of Southwestern Africa and the Implications of the Nation State :: Essays Papers

The Himba of Southwestern Africa and the Implications of the Nation State For over five centuries, the Himba people have breathed the â€Å"hot and filmy† air of the Earth’s oldest desert, raising fat, prosperous herds of livestock in a shrewd network of grazing lands, and honoring their ancestors through ancient sacred fires and venerated grave sites (Crandall). Anthropologists suppose â€Å"the Himba's [ancestral] firelight has been flickering . . . since the 1600s, when they arrived as part of the great Bantu migrations from the north† (Salopek). Unbeknownst to them, the arid and volatile beauty of Southwestern Africa has provided the Himba the world’s best cultural haven from violent confrontation and influence of foreign power (Salopek). However, this desert haven is no longer a refuge from racial discrimination and environmental destruction: in an ironic twist of history, the Himba are now threatened, not by European colonists, but by their own Independent nation state governments. In the past, foreign wars and encroaching Western colonists left the Himba relatively untouched. However, globalization has wrought a new government mind in Namibia and Angola: progress is profit at all cost, which translates to extensive tourism and unquestioned governmental river and land exploitation through hasty damming projects. As both independent governments now urgently move towards Western ideals of ruthless progress, the international community must respond to Southwest Afrcia’s government proposals for Angola’s Iona National Park and Namibia’s Epupa Falls Dam. 25,000 semi-nomadic Himba â€Å"peasants†, divided between Southern Angola and Northern Namibia boarders, now fight for their rights to choose the way of their future. In the struggle for Himba sovereignty, these two cases stand out as blaring war cries of Himba cultural and political rights under attack. Smeared with otjize, a blend of butterfat and powered iron ochre for protection against the arid climate and blistering sun, the Himba are physically distinguishable as the â€Å"Red People† on the gold and brown landscape of Southwestern Africa ( Crandall). â€Å" In scattered encampments [or homesteads] of 20 to 30 people† the Himba â€Å"drift with the seasons to new [settlements] in search of water and grazing lands† (Bensman). Tending to semi-permanent gardens of maize, pumpkins, and melons, the Himba primarily live off the yogurt and butter fat of their livestock (Ezzell). As animals are sacred to the Himba, the passing of an elder is the only momentous occasion for cattle to be slaughtered. By transferring ancestral fire to the exact place of burial, community life is physically and internally centered on the fire.

Humorous Best Man Speech :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Humorous Best Man Speech I would also like to thank you all for being here today to share in this very special occasion. Before I begin my traditional destruction of the groom’s character, I would just like to say again how lovely the bride looks today. This is actually the first time I have made a speech (as you can probably tell), and it is true when they say that its nerve racking. In fact I could go so far as to say that I feel about as comfortable as Osama Bin Laden in the Whitehouse. I only feel slightly better knowing that I am not the only one in the room who is apprehensive, but then again she has just married the groom. On the score of being nervous, I am sure that you have all heard the groom say over and over that he has not been at all nervous in the run up to today. Well, that all changed at about 9 o'clock this morning. I've known him for the best part of twenty-three years now and of course there are plenty of things I could tell you about what we were like as kids. Unfotunately, I did consult my solicitor and he tells me that we could still face prosecution, so maybe not. The groom was as born in the early part of 1973 and while I’m not saying that was an omen, events later that year included the oil crisis, the release of The Exorcist, and of course the introduction of Value Added Tax (VAT) in the UK. His mom was only saying last night that he was a pretty baby who was often mistaken for a girl and that as a child he loved nothing more than sitting for hours staring blankly at the TV. No change there then mate! At five years of age, the groom started at the same school as me. I remember that he loved soccer and tried for the school team on every occasion. Unfortunately, he was found to be useless in every position (Turn to bride) Best of luck then! As I got to know him, I realized that here was a man who thrived on daredevil sports and laughed in the face of danger. I tell you, in those days the groom with a hula hoop was a sight to behold. As a kid he had a huge appetite for life, and this helped him become wise.

Picture perfect

Life in its very essence belongs to us all. It can be turned upseide down; riding the tides of emotion, or be as still as the mist which cradles the shoreline on early winter morings. It casts veils of doubt, or visions of glory, touches our hearts, our souls, out inner most being, which onward strives until our last breath expires. Near our home, there is a beach beyond the outer pier which has work sea-battered breakwaters, high enough to sheild behind when the gusting wind has a sharp bite. All the beaches have a vague similarity, or is it my familiarity having spent most of my childhood days absorbed in playing, exploring and combing for flotsam n jetsam. Whenever time stood still it was here. It was on one such happy spring day, a day full of hope, a day where the eyes of love sees sunshine through rain. The day we met. Since early childhood Dave and I had shared many playful days on these shores. He is my best friend and I cherish him dearly. That day though was diferent. There was a sense of maturity. We didn't have the urge to build sand castles. Instead, our emotions were stirred; mine into thoughts unknown before. I found myself staring, staring into his deep blue eyes, confused yet wildly excited. A strange but wonderfully comfortable feeling which sent my heart a flutter swept over me, I was in love. My day dreaming was suddenly interrupted when Dave, with his masculine hands, carressed my shoulders and gently stroked the palms of my upturned hands and said, â€Å"I need to talk to you about something.† His voice was tender and carried low dulcet tones which aroused my couriosity. He sounded as though he was about to share someting which required courage. My heart skipped a beat. Thousands of thoughts immediatly buzzed in my head. He looked deep into my eyes and faltered, â€Å"What, what is it?† I asked nerviously. Silence fell between us. The atmosphere changed. The sea side tranquility around us was now surged with a chilled air and our visions blurred into a monet painting. â€Å"What is it Dave?† Dave gave a fleeting glance towards the horizion. His hands now clenched so tight that his knuckles so white. I shivered but in an instant an amazing wave of calm filled my being as we started to walk slowly, crushing the pebbles and shells beaneath our feet. He walked with his eyes focused on the ground. I halted, turned his face to mine, he looked so serious. Grabbing my hand again we walked on quicker, now trembleing. We came to an equally abrubt halt where rocks begin to climb great hights towards ancient ruins of an old fort. Sheltered from the sea spray I pleaded, â€Å"Dave you can tell me whats on you mind.† The silence was piercing, A chilling wind swept round my feet. â€Å"I have been diagnosed with Sarcoma, it is a rampant form of cancer.† Dave paused, looked away and took a deep breath. I was speechless. My heart was numbed, full senseless, I was choaked. He turned to me with tears flooding his crystal eyes, â€Å"I don't have long to live Beth. I am going to die!† We collapsed into each others arms. The air was now thoroughly chilling. The sea spray hiding the tears we now shared. My cool calm, collected self was now a shaking ball of sorrow. I couldn't blieve that someone so precious in my life was telling me this. I couldn't ask for details, I didn't want to. Everything in my life felt so insignificant. I couldn't start to think what pain he was feeling. We were huddleld close from the breeze, I looked into his dark eyes, so unlike before; Concious of the salty taste of sea and tears and noticing for the hundreth time the tiny innocent freckle on the end of his nose. Could I tell him how I truely felt? Should I? Simultaneously we rose to our and held hands, silently we slid down the shale and shingle to the gentle sandy banks and made our way home. That night I cried, I couldn't control the emotion, I was drowned in tears of hopelessness. I closed my eyes to be tormented with a rollercoaster of flash backs, scenes of beautiful days as if they were saying goodbye to my new life couldn't imagine my life with-out him. Morning came, I don't remember going to sleep. I strechted out of bed and caught a glimpse in the mirror I looked a wreck. My skin was tired and drained. My curtains were opened and as I gazed outside a small brid was hopping around the garden in search of food. I wish I was a bird, able to take off and fly away. I could just glide through the sky over the trees darting above the crashing waves of the perrishing sea. The following week was so strange. Dave was his usual self, but I now knew why he often frowned and never talked about the future. I tried so hard to block out the love I felt for him, but it was useless. It has been many weeks since Dave shared his devastaing news. We have watched the spring tides heave and sigh while sat on the shores' scattered rocks, surrounded with seaweed. We dabbled in pools and shared easter eggs in ‘our cave'. Now the warm summer sun, gentle and soothing allows the feeling of security, however false, sweep over us, as I notice a faint bronzing of Daves' thining body when we swim in the fresh water at our special place. A magical weekend. I woke early this moring. The summer dawns are bright and cheery. A ray of warm sun peeped through my curtains caressing the picture of Dave and I on the beach. I looked away from the image and sighed. That afternoon I went to visit Dave. When I arrived at the door his mum looked tired, warn out. â€Å"Hi, erm†¦is Dave home?† I said quietly. â€Å"Hello Beth, Dave is not up to seeing visitors today,† I looked down to the grey, rough step. My hopes seeping away from my heart down and out my toes. An interuption in the background disturbed my empty thought as Dave called to let me through. His mum glanced at me in horror, â€Å"He isn't well Beth.† I nodded and wispered. â€Å"Don't worry.† I walked into the house and closed the door. I didn't know what to expect but I knew I wanted to bring some hapiness into his life. However, I was face with an unberable sight. Dave was so white. His stillness ominous. I had to stay strong. It was my turn to be the rock. I sat by his side, he attempted to rise out of bed but was too weak. I didn't know what to say. I didn't know how to act of make things seem fine. How do you make someone who is near to death see the bright side of light. â€Å"How†¦how are you?† I felt so pathetic, it was probably the worst thing to say, but I couldn't bear anymore aggitated pauses. I sat by his side for hours, not saying much, but for the first time words didn't matter. The silences became comfortable. I glance now and then over to his face, just for a moment so his face drained face didn't become fixated. It became dark. I walked over to the window and piered through to the soft skies light up by the romantic moon rised and sailing above us. â€Å"I must go Dave,† I gathered my coat off the chair. â€Å"Wait Beth, I want you to have this.† He lifted up a leather bounded scrap book. â€Å"What in it?† â€Å"The good times.† I looked at him, smiled and said. â€Å"We had a lot of those haven't we? but we haven't painted the town completely red yet, we still have a long way to go.† I wasn't sure if I should have mentioned the future. But I couldn't cope with the possibility of this being the last moments we would share. â€Å"Will you just promise me that you'll continue to paint and complete the picture, even with out me?† I couldn't think of a reply. Deep down I wanted to tell him how I feel. But how could I think of myself? As he handed me the scrap book, he started to chough excessively. I didn't know what to do. I sat him up straight and rubbed his back. I could see every brittle bone in his body. The coughing stopped. â€Å"Thank you Beth, you are so special.† I was exposed to the real amount of pain he was in, tears welled up my eyes. I convinced myself I had to tell him . Not today though, not now. He needs sleep. I blew a kiss as I left the room. Several weeks passed. Dave didn't return to school. It was so lonely. Everyone felt the reality of what life and friends meant. October came, leave floated gentle curled like boats from every tree in the hospital gardens. Dave had been admitted to the local general hospital to stabilise his drug therapy and for his commfort. His mum and dad phoned to say he was coming home today and would I call later in the day. I arrived to find Dave so frail and thin. I could hardly recognise the figure before mem as he slpet, I listened to his altered breating. I went to the bedroom, window over the roofs, the moon was rising. It was a curious orange . Even in great cities people called it a harvest moon. I saw his profile reflect against the dark sky as the light shadowed across his bed for the loft beams. He stirred quietly, yawning a faint ‘hello'. Mrs Jones left the room. Sorrow filled my face. â€Å"What is it† Dave asked. â€Å"I am scared that this is the last time that i am going to see you Dave†. â€Å"It could well be Beth, but what have you got to be scared about?† † I'm scared you will die not knowing how I feel about you.† I took a deep breath, looked into his tired eyes, â€Å"I love you Dave, I always have and always will. You are the perfect reflection, my life.† His breath was quieter now, his eyes were shutting closed. He opened his eyes and looked at my lips, with his last effort of strength he lifted his hand and touched them. â€Å"Shh shh, I know Beth there is no need to worry† Our eyes were locked upon each other. My heart was beating faster as his was beating slower. His eyes turned warm and happy. â€Å"I love you so much Beth, I will never forget the love that we have shared and the good times we have shared together† He closed his eyes and became still, my tears fell on his pillow. â€Å"No No i cried† His mum was at my side, her voice like somebody in fear of drowning. a sound so full of despair as she collapsed in a heap over his resting body. Stunned I looked at her weak body, she was so white. I swallowed the hugh lump in my throat and put my arms around her and rocked her to and fro. Before I left the room i turned my head, wiped the teras from my eyes and whispered â€Å"Good Bye† The autumn walks were lonely and as the star stunned skies turned to wild winter clouds and the snow capped hills shone like diamonds, my emotions were calming down, as the sea calms after a storm. The water still heaves and can make you seasick but the dangerous waves no longer crash. Besides I have a promise to keep!

The Definition of Family in the Constitution

Article 41 of the Constitution recognises the Family â€Å"as the natural primary and fundamental unit group of Society†, and as a â€Å"moral institution possessing certain inalienable and imprescriptible rights† which are â€Å"antecedent and superior to all positive law†. The State guarantees to protect the Family in its constitution and authority â€Å"as the necessary basis of social order and as indispensable to the welfare of the Nation and the State†[1]. Article 41 of Bunreacht na hEireann contains the main provisions relating to the family. It is generally considered that Articles 41 and 42 were heavily influenced by Roman Catholic teaching. They were clearly drafted with one family in mind, namely the family based on marriage. †[2]. Since 1937 when the constitution was drafted there has been major social changes such as, changing attitudes to sexual behaviour, contraceptive use, social acceptance of pre marital relations, cohabitation and single parenthood, social acceptance of divorce, just to name a few. These social changes which would not have readily existed in 1937 have not been adapted to in the Constitution in Article 41/42 concerning the †family†. Simply put the definition of family in the constitution is old fashioned. I am of the opinion that an amendment to â€Å"The Family†- namely Article 41 is required. I base my argument on 3 main reasons 1) More types of family should be recognised, not just that of a marital family. 2) The definition of family should be changed to include expressed rights of a child incorporated into Article 41 and the rights of a child not just fall under that of †the family† 3) The wording of the rights of the family to change to allow for more state intervention. Though the â€Å"family† is not defined in the constitution the Supreme Court held that the family is based on marriage – State(Nicolaou) v An Bord Uchtala[3] : Walsh J – â€Å"the family referred to on [Article 41. 3. 1] is the family which founded on the institution of marriage, on which the family is founded on the institution of marriage and, in the context of the Article, marriage means valid marriage under the laws for the time being in force in the state†. Article 41. 3. [4] states â€Å"The State pledges itself to guard with special care the institution of marriage, on which the family is founded, and to protect against attack† . From this definition it appears that a non-marital family would not be protected by the State against attack. In my opinion this provision should be amended to conform to the social change that I have previously mentioned as a family in current times is no longer just a marital family. â€Å" The law must, as far p ossible mirror contemporary civilization and as that changes so must the law. If the law becomes too rigid and inflexible, then there is always the danger that it will conflict with the needs of the people, with all the unfortunate consequences to which conflict may arise†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. during the dynamic periods of History †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. for it becomes essential for the legal system to adjust itself to the novel conditions of social life†[5] As a general rule most rights and obligations flowing from family law legislation are confined to families based on marriage. There are few contexts where non marital relationships are recognised such as domestic violence[6] and wrongful death[7]. The European Court of Human Rights have taken broader approach then Ireland and has been deemed to protect inter alia the family life of non-marital parents and their children. â€Å"It is likely that the failure to recognise the rights, and indeed the duties, of the members of non-marital families may constitute a breach of Art. 8 of the European Convention of Human rights, which requires that the State respect the family life of all persons†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. iven that the convention is now part of domestic law it is only a matter of time before Irish Law is found to be in breach†[8] The European Court of Human Rights(ECHR) broader approach to the definition of a †family† can be seen in Mouta v Portugal[9]. In this case the ECHR recognised a homosexual man and his child as a family which wouldn't be recognised under the Irish Constitution. Da Silva was previously married and had a daughter in this relationship and divorced 3 years later. .The applicant (Da Silva) sought an order giving him parental responsibility for the child. The Lisbon Family Affairs Court awarded Da Silva parental responsibility. His ex-wife appealed against the Family Affairs Court's judgment to the Lisbon Court of Appeal, which reversed the lower court's judgment and awarding parental responsibility to the ex-wife, with contact to the applicant. It was held by the ECHR that the judgment of the Court of Appeal, in so far as it set aside the judgment of the lower court, constituted an interference with the father's right to respect for family life and attracted the application of Art 8 of the Convention. Were this case to appear in an Irish Court De Souza would not have been awarded custody due to the the rigidness of the courts to move from strictly interpreting †family† in the constitution . Secondly I will explore how 1)Article 41 acts as a shield against state intervention against matters concerning †the family† and also 2)why I think †the child† should be given expressed rights in the constitution contained in the definition of family. In my opinion I think that Article 41 acts as a shield against state intervention. I think â€Å"a shield† is an effective way of describing the Article as a shield protects against attack but does not block all danger/damage, just like Article 41protects the †family† but does not provide complete immunity. This article emphasises the rights of the family as a whole while not exploring individual rights such as the rights of the child. I think the words †inalienable and imprescriptible†/rights superior to positive law† are too strong as it gives the State limited opportunity to intervene with matters concerning †the family†. When can the state intervene?. Murphy J gave his view on this question â€Å"where conduct of parents are such to constitute a virtual abdication of their responsibility or alternatively, the disastrous consequences of a particular parental decision are so immediate and inevitable as to demand intervention and perhaps call into question either the basic competence or devotion of the parents† A State intervention must be proportionate -breach of Article 41 must have justifiable circumstances. As I previously mentioned Article 41 does not provide complete protection. This can be seen in People v T[10] where a father had been convicted of sexual offenses against his daughter. Casey made the point that while Article 41 â€Å"established that the family as a unit had it's own special rights, other provisions make it clear that each member of that unit had his/her own constitutionally-guaranteed personal rights†¦.. It follows from this that the common law rule can have no application in cases where one member of a family is alleged to have committed an offense against another†[11]. I have already given my opinion that i think the words ‘inalienable and imprescriptible† and †above positive law† are too strong and limit the courts powers in intervening. One case where I think this is prevalent is is N v Health Service Executives[12] aka †the baby Ann case†. At the time of A's birth in July 2004 the applicants were unmarried and they decided to place A for adoption. The applicants married in Northern Ireland in January 2006, strengthening their legal position as they now formed a family under the constitution. The High Court held that the child was in the lawful custody of Mr and Mrs D(the Adoptive parents) and that, accordingly, a conditional order for the inquiry under art 40 had to be discharged. The decision of the High Court was based on his conclusion that the applicants had failed in their duty towards their daughter and abandoned her and that there were compelling reasons why the child should not be returned to their custody. The decision was overturned by the Supreme Court. I feel that the decision by the Supreme Court was inappropriate, it did not take into account the welfare of the child, Article 41 restricted the courts ability to award custody of the child to the adoptive parents, as the maternal parents and Baby Ann has formed a †family† under the constitution. If the State had more powers to intervene and supersede Article 41 then the custody would probably have been given to the adoptive parents (which would have been the right decision from my point of view). John Walters gave his view on the Supreme Courts decision â€Å"its hands tied by outmoded provisions of the Constitution, was prevented from doing the â€Å"decent† thing: leaving baby Ann with her prospective adoptive parents†[13]. Judge Catherine McGuiness, closing remarks in the case were interesting. She voiced criticism regarding the rights of the child in the constitution and also how she was reluctant to come to the decision to support the maternal parents claims. â€Å" It would be disingenuous not to admit that I am one of the ‘quarters' who have voiced criticism of the position of the child in the Constitution. I did so publicly in the report on the Kilkenny Incest Inquiry in 1993. The present case must, however, be decided under the Constitution and the law as it now stands. With the reluctance and some regret I would allow this appeal. †[14]. I think that the argument to give the child expressed rights under the constitution is intertwined with giving the State more scope on intervening in family cases. As it stands children's rights are thought as secondary to the parents and this can be see in Crowley. [15] I think that there should be a change from the paternalistic approach, whereby the adults know best. Were there to be an express provision outlining the right of the child there would gave been an alternative decision in the PKU test case[16]. The court acknowledged the right of the parents to refuse a both standard and important test for a new born child while ignoring the best interests of the child. The Council of Europe Recommendation 1289 (1996) point 8(i) on a European Strategy for children advised that there should be guarantees that children's rights should be explicitly incorporated into constitutional text. [17] To summarise I think Article 41 concerning the definition of family should be changed. It is outdated basing a family on marriage as in current times there are more then just marriage based families, there are a variety of situations which the normal person would regard as a ‘family'. The Constitutional Review Group stated that there is a â€Å"multiplicity of differing units which may be capable of being considered family†. [18] I think there should be an exhaustive list including the instances above where a member of the public would regard the situation as being a family. Alternatively you could leave the definition of family open and state that â€Å"family† is not confined to that of just a family based on marriage. This would leave the judiciary to determine a family on a case by case basis which is similar to the ECHR approach. This would result in a large amount of uncertainty. I would favor the first option even though it would arise it's own problems such as would being forced to become a legal family under the constitution infringe on personal rights? And also how would you determine the length of time a family is together to qualify as co-habitant?. Either way I think the implied definition of family needs to be changed. To highlight the constant increase of different types of families and the need for reform, I have taken statistics from the last 3 census' of the number of units formed by cohabiting couples (which are one †family I think should be recognised) and formed a table, this furthermore indicates the need to incorporate the change in society into the constitution.

How to Become a Better Student

To become successful in life, we all need to learn to become a good student in every aspect of life. Becoming a good student is not an easy task. Most would agree that in order to be a good student it takes a great deal of hard work, time and self-discipline. A student who possess these strong characteristics will often times stand out from the rest of their classmates. In order to become a strong student, one must have motivation, positive self-esteem, positive self-talk, commitment and good study habits.It has been said that to get the required performance out of an individual, you just first find what motivates them. There are many ways for a student to become motivated. These include settings goals, creating a dream career, and having good values. If a student makes an effort to try and discover these traits about themselves they will most likely find the motivation they need in their life. Setting goals is the first step a person can take in order to gain the motivation they nee d to become a better student. A goal is something a person is wishing accomplish in their life.There are two types of goals, short term and long term. Short-term goals are usually less than six months. A student should always set short- term goals for themselves in the beginning of a semester so they can work hard for the next couple of months to achieve them. A long-term goal is what a student is strives for in their more distant future, for example a career path. Setting short-term and long-term goals early on in life is positive tool in order for a student to be successful in their future. Another method to gain motivation is to create a dream career.A student attends college with hopes of receiving a degree that will allow them to specialize in a future job market. A student's major should be their passion. If an individual majors in something they despise, they will eventually loose their motivation to perform well in their studies. Striving for a career that you love is a grea t motivation tool that will inspire students to do well in school. Working for a dream career also allows a student to major in something they are passionate about and keeps them motivated throughout their college career.An additional technique to expand student's motivation is by having good values. A value is a principle that an individual considers important. Students must realize what things in life are of high importance and which things are not. For example a student's schoolwork should come first and fun should be performed second. If a student considers having fun more important than their schoolwork, then their motivation will be severely lost. In order to balance motivation an individual must set good values for himself or herself to become stronger student.Students not only need to remain motivated but also need to have high amounts of positive self-esteem to stay on top of their studies. Positive self-esteem is defined as â€Å"belief in oneself. † It is also a st udent's awareness that he or she is a person of Roth or values simply because he or she is a human being. If students constantly tell themselves that they are not worthy and gives up hope on their studies, they will deteriorate their ability to be a good student. If an individual feels as if they have lost their self-esteem, there are many ways for them to gain it back.To raise self-esteem a student can, pay close attention to their needs, take care of themselves, carry out positive self-talk, and perform in activities that make will make them feel good about themselves. Students that act upon these activities daily will maintain high self-esteem in their lives. It is important to maintain high levels of positive self-esteem because students should not only do well in the classes they are taking, but also feel good about themselves while doing so. Paying attention to one's own wants and needs is a good first step to take when attempting to gain self-esteem.A good student should alwa ys be listening to what their bodies, mind, and heart are telling them. For example, if an individual has been studying for a long period of time, their body is probably telling them to stand up and take a break. People's heart speak to them about for instances the individuals in heir life who they long to spend more time with. If a student's mind is telling them to clean their room, they should act upon these thoughts, and clean their room. Acting on these bodily instincts are good ways for students to recognize their needs and to retain back positive self-esteem.Students should also heavily focus on their diets. Individuals who make healthy choices with their fitness and diet will find that they feel better about themselves. To keep a strong mind people need to consume the right foods and always make time in their busy schedules for exercise. Completing these simple tasks can boost a dent's self-esteem and make sure they are performing at optimal level. In our society today, more students are daily telling themselves that they are not worthy or not smart enough. These negative thoughts people tell themselves are the number one force that can destroy one's self-esteem.Students should really attempt to use positive self-talk as much as possible. Positive self-talk is defined as any time in which individuals think or talk to themselves in a beneficial manner. Students should start off everyday on a positive note. Simply waking up and starting mornings on a high note can make the day run much more smoothly. Students should not only use positive self-talk in the mornings but should also continue throughout the day. Thinking positive thoughts before a test will in a way make the stress go away and a student will perform better.Positive self-talk is extremely important in a student's everyday routine because it will give them the confidence they need in their school careers. Another method to keep self-esteem high is for students to carry out the activities that th ey perform well in. If a student ever becomes frustrated with their schoolwork, they should always take a break and do the activities they love to bring up their self esteem. When a person performs something they love to do it helps them escape from their stress and worries.These are great tools to use while studying because once an individual finishes these special activities and continues with their schoolwork, they will feel refreshed. To perform well in school a student's self-esteem needs to be high and also their commitment to their studies needs to be a number one priority. Commitment is defined as means to show loyalty, duty, or pledge to someone or something. Staying committed to schoolwork is not an easy task. Students can be distracted by so many efferent outlets today, which make it so easy to break their commitment to their studies.However, these distractions can be avoided by setting out time every day to look over notes from class. Making time everyday for your school work is beneficial because it is keeping the material fresh in your mind and keeps your commitment with school strong. Good study habits follow closely behind a student's commitment. Study habits are extremely important because it is the fuel for a student to perform well on quizzes and tests. A habit is a preference too particular action that you do a certain way on regular basis.Students should get into the habit of committing to a study schedule everyday. They should routinely take breaks and stay healthy in order to stay focused their studies. To keep their schedule in order students should also use a planner. It is difficult to organize tests and schoolwork without a planner. A Student can become easily confused and should incorporate using a planner everyday in their study habits. Overall, carrying out good study habits everyday will pave the road for students to perform well in their schoolwork. In conclusion, becoming a master student takes time and patience.It is not an eas y task to be successful in school but with a lot of hard work it can be accomplished. There are many rewards for becoming a successful student. One of the greatest rewards is graduating from high school, college, or even graduate school. Students must always remember to be successful in school they need to have motivation, positive self-esteem, positive self-talk, commitment and good study habits. If an individual can master using these tools in their everyday routines, they will see the positive results in their schoolwork and in the long run become a stronger student.

Life and Hills like White Elephants Essay

The life of Ernest Hemingway can be roughly described as turbulent as he previously led a tumultuous social life and has had a complicated marital relationship (Raeburn, p. 207). Although he has won for himself numerous awards in literature, the life of Hemingway remained blemished by his multiple relationships as well as the physical and mental difficulties he suffered from (Donaldson, p. 691). He was also treated in a mental hospital and received medical attention for severe depression. In the end, Hemingway committed suicide by tripping the trigger of his double barreled shotgun which immediately took away his life. The personal experiences of Ernest Hemingway have largely contributed to some of his major literary works. For example, For Whom the Bell Tolls echoes that of a not-so-distant memory of Hemingway, specifically the time when he had to part ways from his home in order to fulfill his job, boarding and leaving with the train while his father watched the train disappear in the distance (Reynolds, p. 600). In his A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway appears to relieve his previous experiences as an ambulance driver, a member of the personnel for the canteen duties which meant distributing food for the soldiers in the battlefield, and a short-lived affair with a woman named Agnes von Kurowsky during the First World War. All these things and a lot more indicate the presumption that the works of Hemingway are largely influenced by his experiences. And this most likely holds true to his short story â€Å"Hills like White Elephants†. As the story revolves around two characters—an unnamed American and a woman named Jig—Hemingway appears to employ the Iceberg Theory by writing just a little about the explicit messages and allowing the reader to divulge with what is indirectly written in the story. Thus, a thorough reading of â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† will lead the reader to the understanding that there is more than what meets the eyes. Apparently, the short story is about an American and Jig where the American appears to convince the woman to commit abortion. Perhaps the primary reason why the American is persuading the woman to abort the child is because the man is afraid to lose the liberty or freedom from an imminent parental responsibility. In a sense, the ‘child’ whom the man wants to be aborted is comparable to a ‘white elephant’, at least in the understanding of the American. White elephants are considered to be sacred and symbolize justice in Southeast Asian monarchies although on the other hand these elephants come with a costly price in terms of its upkeep (Martin). Hence, white elephants are considered to be either a blessing or a curse, or even both. The ‘child’, like white elephants, is seen by Jig as a blessing whereas the child is seen by the American as a burden or a ‘curse’. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† can be interpreted in many ways as resembling the life, or a significant fraction thereof, of Hemingway’s life. In essence, the short story is reminiscent of the destructive situations faced by couples with marital bonds, specifically the conflicting decisions being pushed through by both sides. This, too, is reminiscent of the multiple relationships Hemingway had in the past wherein he was involved in such numerous affairs while being married. For instance, Hemingway’s marital relationship with Elizabeth Hadley Richardson came to an end wherein Elizabeth divorced Hemingway after discovering his affair with Pauline Pfeiffer. A short time after his divorce with Elizabeth, Hemingway married Pauline. Prior to the time when his short story â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† was first published in 1927, Hemingway already had two wives, with the first wife divorced. But prior to the divorce, as Elizabeth found out about Hemingway’s affair, she decided to tell him to stay away from Pauline for six months. Only after that time if he knew he was still in love with Pauline will Elizabeth give Hemingway a divorce. That very instance where Hemingway had to decide for himself the outcome of his marriage with Elizabeth and his affair with Pauline reminds us of the essence of â€Å"Hills like White Elephants†. For the most part, whether or not Hemingway will keep his marriage with Elizabeth must have depended on his comprehension of it as either a burden or a blessing. The same most likely holds true to his affair with Pauline. The delicate situation wherein Hemingway had to consider whether one of his relationships is a burden or a blessing is quite synonymous to the essence of the situation faced by the American and Jig in Hemingway’s short story. The analogy tells us that, far from being a mere mental construct, â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† is a short story that strongly reflects the perception of the author. Since Hemingway is keen to use the Iceberg Theory where what the reader is only able to immediately absorb are the explicit contents of the story (Halliday, p. 1), it must have been the case that â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† functions like a window where the reader can take a closer look at the life of Ernest Hemingway. Works Cited Donaldson, S. (1982). The Wooing of Ernest Hemingway. American Literature, 53(4), 691. Halliday, E. M. (1956). Hemingway’s Ambiguity: Symbolism and Irony. American Literature, 28(1), 1. Martin, G. (1996). A white elephant. Retrieved October 23, 2007, from http://www. phrases. org. uk/meanings/410050. html Raeburn, J. (1989). Skirting the Hemingway Legend. American Literary History, 1(1), 207. Reynolds, M. S. (1985). Hemingway’s Home: Depression and Suicide. American Literature, 57(4), 600.

Rhetorical Criticism I Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rhetorical Criticism I - Article Example While the people at the end are well dressed with the right fire fighting gear, the person between them is naked. The information attached requires a person not to be stupid and use condom for protection. This is to show that those who are well dressed are safe but the naked person is in danger of being burnt up by the fire headed in their direction. Similarly, the ad implies that love making with no protection is as dangerous as putting off fire without the right gear. The person engaging this way is therefore stupid and the fire of infections will in turn catch up with them and burn them up. Therefore, the ad has actually played its informative role very well through the analogy created . In the second ad, the ad shows human hands ready to receive the love symbol. Added down there is the statement â€Å"safe love is true love. When he uses condom, he is saying he love you.† This ad underlines the need to receive and share safe love. It thus delivers the message most appropriately, by avoiding obscene scenarios (Andreas,

Summary and Critical Analysis Project Compensation and Agreements Essay

Summary and Critical Analysis Project Compensation and Agreements - Essay Example fee method of billing does not put so much into the experience of the employee which is a downside into motivating employees to have experience to work. It simply focuses on the kind of service provided before pay is issued. A fixed fee account provides a fixed fee for the services being offered and which requires an in depth knowledge of the service being provided. This is only effective for experienced designers who are aware of their services (Piotrowski 100). In a cost plus percentage markup method, the customer is the one who benefits more as they are passed all the discounts from the suppliers leading to low cost of purchase. This however works only on the residential clients whose purchases are relatively smaller. Square foot method is payment by the number of square foots meaning the more the square foots the more the pay. It is effective in commercial industries as it boosts productivity and motivates employees to work even harder. The best method from all the methods above and others is the combination method that combines several of the methods taking into account experience and market among other factors (Piotrowski 105). Any service provided in the field of design demands a contract with a list of specifications necessary to provide guidance. The contract requires several basic requirements which have to be followed if it is to be considered valid. These elements include an offer, counteroffer and acceptance where the terms of the design are discussed and the price is provided. It is concluded by mutual agreement and a letter to seal the deal and provide physical evidence of the deal (Piotrowski 112). The contract is a perfect way to not only protect the interests of the client but they protect the work of the designer as well from frauds. A statute of frauds is provided which provides guidance on the frauds that can be prosecuted. If the contract document lacks names such as that of the client and address as well as a clear description of the

Learning Team Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Paper Essay

Learning Team Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Paper - Essay Example Therefore, marketers are supposed to understand the needs and desires of consumers for the smooth running of the process. For a business to be successful, it has to understand consumer behavior; hence, it has to satisfy consumer needs. Marketing can be related to advertising, and in many occasion they are used interchangeably to mean the same thing. For a business organization to get customers and persuade them to buy its goods and services, is an extremely challenging task. This is because the market is an extremely competitive place, and for consumers demand to know the quality, of the product or service for which they exchange their money. Giving free samples of products to customers to try out tremendously influence their behavior towards that product. Therefore, in order to persuade more customers to buy their products, a company has to come up with a budget that includes free samples with the aim of influencing customers to buy their goods. Moreover, to include free samples in their budget is one way of avoiding losses instead of making a profit at the end. Market is influenced by various consumer characteristics, which include sex, age, gender, location and income. This is because consumers are both male and female, whose products are different. Age is also another factor that a company should consider as consumers have different purchasing desire as they belong to different scopes in society; hence a company has to put its business that in a location that attractive a group of people (Rajagopal, 2007). The theory of consumer behavior allows marketers and consumers to persuade the spending routines of consumers, changing their impressions about a product that leads to the purchase of that product. In addition, the theory creates new ideas in the consumer’s mind as well as inspiring them to buy that product. Consumer behavior is an

Roman Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Roman Civilization - Essay Example During the rule of Augustus, Rome experienced prosperity and peace and it is regarded as the golden age. Rome had an autocratic form of government and Augustus ruled Rome for around 40 years. Rome had a civilization which has set an example for other countries. The civic life, religious principles, culture and norms, economic ties everything was worth praising. The Rome had a superior infrastructure and the building and transportation was of high quality. Roman Empire was the largest in the world history and covered much of the world’s regions from Europe and Africa to Middle East. Even the population of the Empire was largest and was around 60 million inhabitants. The military and army of Rome was superior and many battles have been won by them. Roman had laws which were based on morality and justice. Rome had multi -cultural society and believed in shared identity. For the very same reasons, Roman civilization has had a great impact on the modern world. Impact on Law and Political System The major influence of Roman civilization on modern world was the Roman law. The Roman law distinguished between public law and private law which we can see in the modern law constitution. This is the basis of Western law and is known as civil law. Also the private international law is also influenced by the Roman law. In Roman civilization, they practiced jury trials, same as today’s’ practice. The Roman can also be credited with many defense techniques practiced by the modern people. The concept of â€Å"innocent until proven guilty â€Å"which is the basic rule of American Judiciary system came from ancient Rome law. The written law to protect the human rights and freedom was also a system followed by Roman people. The law regarding taxation is also taken from Roman civilization. According to Roman law, people were to be treated equal and fairly. Their laws were based on common sense and practicality. Most of the legal system in the world is following Roman practic e of law. Roman has also influenced the way in which the political system works today. The voting system which we followed today is the legacy of Roman people. Even they had lower and upper class senate like we do. They had legislative bodies and senate just like modern political system. The Impact on Language The language of Roman civilization was Latin and they depended little on order of words. The Roman alphabets were formed with Greek alphabet as a basis. The Roman people mostly studied literature that was in Greek. As the Roman Empire grew, so did their language spread to different parts of the world,With some time the classic Latin took a form of Vulgar Latin in some parts of the world which gave birth to different Romance language. So it can de definitely said that Indo European languages evolved from Latin, which is the language of ancient Roman civilization. Later, Latin language gain prominence in Western empire and became the foundation of French, Italian, Portuguese, Sp anish and Romanian languages. Even though, they all started as bad Latin as time passed by these established themselves as different languages. Latin language also had influenced many words used in other different countries. For Example, English has many Latin words although it does not follow Latin syntax- grammar. Since Latin was the language of Roman Catholic Church it influenced even the non –romance languages. The Impact on Infrastructure The Roman civilization

How do you understand the arts to be theraputic Essay

How do you understand the arts to be theraputic - Essay Example way of communication than to have to go to a therapy where they have to speak of what’s held inside of them, especially with mentally challenged and special individuals who cannot communicate by speaking which makes it harder for a psychiatrist to understand their emotional and mental state. It is now being used in the work of sociologists, psychiatrists, social workers and marriage and family therapists and even physicians with the brief forms of therapy and increasing pressure of completing the therapy sessions in time they found that art therapy has helped them communicate and put an end to issues quicker than any other technique. (Cathy Malchiodi, pg 1,2) Surprisingly the interweaving of art and healing is not really a new phenomenon, at has been existed in this society ever since the human society itself, re-occurring through history across place and time. It is in fact growing importance day by day, proving to be an exceptional medically proven treatment. (Malchiodi 2006) It was not up till the classical period (1940s- 1970s) that the term "Art Therapy" began to be used in written forms for describing their work with their patients/clients. (Cathy Malchiodi pg 9) Who knew it would have come this far to be known as one of the most used and effective processes used by psychiatrists and other counselors for special treatment. Art Therapy can be beneficial for everyone as it does not matter what age, race or gender one is of and so it reaches out to a vast audience of people who need some sort of help psychologically. This form of therapy can be used as a healing strategy in many different psychological disorders such as emotional trauma, depression, and anxiety by expressing themselves fully, creatively without having to worry about them being good at art. Patients with brain damage due to injuries, illnesses and stroke are making a clear relationship between art making and brain function. Sandy Allen, who happened to have a large tumor in her cerebral

MT140 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

MT140 - Assignment Example In the same way, they also correspond to the goals of an organization such that Strategic Planning represents long-term goals that may span from more than 3 years and up to 7 years, then Tactical Planning represents mid-term goals that is between 1 to 3 years, while Operational Planning represents the short-term goals which includes the day-to-day planning or the execution phase that could be around a year or less. In this stage, it was also stated that a mission or a policy usually goes from top to bottom but there are instances when it may go from bottom up because of instances where middle or operational management is able to see something relative to the company operations. The SWOT analysis was also discussed where it was pointed out that Strengths and Weaknesses are those that are internal to the organization while Opportunities and Threats are external to the organization. This tool in management is important so that one may be able to accurately evaluate the environment of the company and realize where it is yielding the best results but also looking at its potentials despite the dangers posed by other factors that may be beyond its